Quarterly earnings guidance — managers’ public forecasts of forthcoming earnings — is widespread yet highly controversial. A recent position paper by the CFA Institute and the Business Roundtable emphatically calls on managers to ‘‘end the practice of providing quarterly earnings guidance’’ (CFA Institute 2006, 2). Similarly, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce (2007) publicly implored managers to sto...

Building on the research on immigrant earnings reviewed in the first article of this series, "Research on Immigrant Earnings," the preceding article, "Adding Immigrants to Microsimulation Models," linked research results to various issues essential for incorporating immigrant earnings into microsimulation models. The discussions of that article were in terms of a closed system. That is, it exam...

The use of price–earnings ratios and dividend-price ratios as forecasting variables for the stock market is examined using aggregate annual US data 1871 to 2000 and aggregate quarterly data for twelve countries since 1970. Various simple efficient-markets models of financial markets imply that these ratios should be useful in forecasting future dividend growth, future earnings growth, or future...

W correlate analysts’ forecast errors with temporal variation in investor sentiment. We find that when sentiment is high, analysts’ forecasts of one-year-ahead earnings and long-term earnings growth are relatively more optimistic for “uncertain” or “difficult-to-value” firms. Adding these forecast errors to a regression of stock returns on sentiment absorbs a sizable fraction of the explanatory...

The volatility of future earnings growth is a significant determinant of Fama and French’s Value premium. We use a stochastic earnings model of firm valuation to establish a formal link between the volatility of future earnings growth and the value premium. Furthermore we empirically confirm this relationship at the macro-level.

This paper examines whether managers signal firms’ future performance by managing earnings to exceed thresholds. Because managers’ reporting discretion is bounded by the accounting regulations, managing earnings to exceed current period’s thresholds reduces future earnings and therefore makes future earnings thresholds harder to reach. As a result, only firms with sufficient future earnings gro...

Full, on-time, and with Quality disclosure of financial information can lead to the transparency of such information and decreases information asymmetry. Among the published information of firms, earnings are of priority importance attended by many users; therefore, the issue of the transparency of accounting earnings is of high importance. The aim of this study is investigating the accounting ...

This article describes the legislative history of the Social Security Amendments of 1977 and contains a summary of the amendments. The major provisions revise the benefit structure so that future replacement rates--initial benefits as a percent of previous earnings--will be relatively stable and revise the tax structure to restore the financial soundness of the program in the short range and in...