Here H(X) measures the average uncertainty associated with the random variable X. If X is the lifetime of a system and if the system has survived up to time t, then to measure the uncertainty about the remaining lifetime of such a system the measure (1) is not appropriate. Ebrahimi (1996) proposed a measure which measures the uncertainty about the remaining lifetime of a system if it is working...

Aims. Power-law cosmologies, in which the cosmological scale factor evolves as a power law in the age, a ∝ t with α >∼ 1, regardless of the matter content or cosmological epoch, is comfortably concordant with a host of cosmological observations. Methods. In this article, we use recent measurements of the X-ray gas mass fractions in clusters of galaxies to constrain the α parameter with curvatur...

Aiming at highlighting the important role of print media discourse in the implicit  transfer of  the dominant ideology of discourse context, the present data-driven paper demonstrates  how the lexical features of repetition and synonymy as well as the structural and thematic features of passivization, nominalization and predicated theme were utilized by the discourse producers to mediate betwee...

Document Summary) Ever since film, television, computer graphics, and virtual reality have made pictures move at ever faster rates, media theories have exhibited puzzling outbursts of delight. Writing in general and books in particular are said to be obsolete, while the image, more powerful and unifying than ever, is poised to reclaim its old rights. Kittler challenges this enthusiasm and the d...