This article describes the progress-as well as the challenges and limitations-in reducing salt intake in Costa Rica. The National Plan to Reduce Public Consumption of Salt/Sodium in Costa Rica 2011 - 2021 was complemented with multisectoral programs and projects specifically designed to: 1) determine sodium intake and the salt/sodium content of the most widely consumed foods; identify the consu...

This study used Quickbird-2 and Worldview-2, high resolution satellite imagery, in a multi-temporal salt marsh mapping and change analysis of Jamaica Bay, New York. An object-based image analysis methodology was employed. The study seeks to understand both natural and anthropogenic changes caused by Hurricane Sandy and salt marsh restoration, respectively. The objectives of this study were to: ...

Background and aims: Bread is considered as one of the important sources of sodium in the Iraniandiet and salt is the main source of sodium, which is used to produce bread. The assessment of dietaryintake is a reliable method that shows nutritional problems in the community. Therefore, the purposeof this study was to evaluate the intake of salt, sodium, and potassium through b...

Iranian medical universities choose their best researchers in each field annually. The protocols of this process have been modified quite often, but the changes were not fundamental and did not lead to all-inclusive evaluation tools. The recent article in Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology, which proposes a scoring scale for evaluation of scientist's impact called "360-degree researcher...

Current treatment of kidney disease is not completely satisfactory, particularly when initiated in the late stages of renal progression. There is an urgent need for additional interventions, especially reduction of salt intake, which is rather high in the Western world. In this commentary we provide a critical assessment of post hoc analyses of recent interventional and observational studies on...

irrigation with distillery effluent, besides influencing crop yield, may have considerable impact on physical properties of soil because of its high salt and organic carbon contents. this experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effect of distillery effluent on hydraulic conductivity of a sandy loam alluvial soil and compare the effect of inorganic salts of potassium (k) with that of di...

This research proposes an Adaptive Weighted Fuzzy Mean Filter (AWFMF) based on Cloud Model (CM) to remove the salt and pepper noise in the digital images. Also, the performance of the proposed filter is compared with existing variants of median and switching filters using peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and quality index. The proposed filter is able to remove salt and pepper noise even at 90%...