background & objectives: hepatitis b is one of the major health problems in the world. health care workers (hcws) are at high risk of acquiring hepatitis b virus. the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hbv infection and the immune response to hbv vaccine among the hcws in babol, northern iran. methods: this study was accomplished on 527 hcws and administrative staff working...

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background: poor response to various vaccines especially hepatitis b is common. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of selenium on immune response against hepatitis b vaccine with accelerated method in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.methods: in this randomized clinical trial study, 62 insulin dependent diabetic patients were divided into case and control groups (e...

background: current who best infection control practices for injections do not address the use of hub cutters due to insufficient evidence on safety and efficacy. objective: to assess the impact of the use of hub cutters on 1) the frequency of needle-stick injuries (nsis) and other blood exposures among workers and 2) the volume of sharps waste in a mass vaccination campaign setting. methods: d...

Current mass vaccination campaigns in measles outbreak response are nonselective with respect to the immune status of individuals. However, the heterogeneity in immunity, due to previous vaccination coverage or infection, may lead to potential bias of such campaigns toward those with previous high access to vaccination and may result in a lower-than-expected effective impact. During the 2010 me...

To assess influenza vaccination coverage in Germany, we conducted a nationwide telephone survey in November 1999 in adults (>18 yrs) using random-digit dialing. Overall, 23% of 1,190 survey participants reported having been vaccinated (adjusted 18%) with 16% (adjusted 15%) in former West Germany versus 35% (adjusted 32%) in former East Germany. Immunization rates for vaccination target groups w...

BACKGROUND Influenza is a major health problem in most Western countries. In September 1993, the Dutch College of General Practitioners (NHG) issued guidelines for influenza vaccination. Although most general practitioners (GPs) are well acquainted with NHG standards, knowledge does not invariably lead to application. AIM To evaluate a regional intervention promoting the implementation of NHG...

Background: Complications of national program vaccination have great importance, because widespread use of vaccines and expanded age range of vaccinees increases the percentage of side effects. Present study was performed for evaluating the complications of national measles and rubella vaccination in Hamedan province. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was done from...

Transmission of rabies from animals to people continues despite availability of good vaccines for both human and animal use. The only effective strategy to achieve elimination of dog rabies and the related human exposure is to immunize dogs at high coverage levels. We present the analysis of two consecutive parenteral dog mass vaccination campaigns conducted in N'Djamena in 2012 and 2013 to adv...