It appears that if dimcZ = a. dim X > 2, one may consider X as an algebraic variety too but in some new sense. One can generalize the conception of the abstract variety of A. Weil by substituting the etale topology of Grothendieck for the topology of Zariski. One gets the objects which M. Artin called "etale schemes" and the author called "minischemes". Later, M. Artin introduced the term "alge...

The main purpose of this paper is to provide a survey of different notions of algebraic geometry, which one may associate to an arbitrary noncommutative ring R. In the first part, we will mainly deal with the prime spectrum of R, endowed both with the Zariski topology and the stable topology. In the second part we focus on quantum groups and, in particular, on schematic algebras and show how a ...

Let a, b, c, d be nonzero rational numbers whose product is a square, and let V be the diagonal quartic surface in P defined by ax + by + cz + dw = 0. We prove that if V contains a rational point that does not lie on any of the 48 lines on V or on any of the coordinate planes, then the set of rational points on V is dense in both the Zariski topology and the real analytic

This paper studies algebraic frames L and the set Min(L) of minimal prime elements of L. We will endow the set Min(L) with two well-known topologies, known as the Hullkernel (or Zariski) topology and the inverse topology, and discuss several properties of these two spaces. It will be shown that Min(L) endowed with the Hull-kernel topology is a zero-dimensional, Hausdorff space; whereas, Min(L) ...

Let f(z) = z +az + bz + cz+ d ∈ Z[z] and let us consider a del Pezzo surface of degree one given by the equation Ef : x 2 − y − f(z) = 0. In this note we prove that if the set of rational points on the curve Ea, b : Y 2 = X + 135(2a − 15)X − 1350(5a + 2b − 26) is infinite, then the set of rational points on the surface Ef is dense in the Zariski topology.

<abstract><p>Let $ R be a G graded commutative ring and M $-graded $-module. The set of all second submodules is denoted by Spec_G^s(M), it called the spectrum $. We discuss rings with Noetherian prime spectrum. In addition, we introduce notion Zariski socle explore their properties. also investigate Spec^s_G(M) topology from viewpoint being space.</p></abstract>

An overview of the braid group techniques in the theory of algebraic surfaces from Zariski to the latest results is presented. An outline of the Van Kampen algorithm for computing fundamental groups of complements of curves and the modification of Moishezon-Teicher regarding branch curves of generic projections are given. The paper also contains a description of a quotient of the braid group, n...

Let R be a commutative hyperring with identity. We introduceand study prime fuzzy hyperideals of R. We investigate the Zariski topologyon FHspec(R), the spectrum of prime fuzzy hyperideals of R.

We relate closure operations for ideals and for submodules to non-flat Grothendieck topologies. We show how a Grothendieck topology on an affine scheme induces a closure operation in a natural way, and how to construct for a given closure operation fulfilling certain properties a Grothendieck topology which induces this operation. In this way we relate the radical to the surjective topology and...