Microbial populations associated with methanogenic fixed- or floating-bed bioreactors used for anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic waste were investigated. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to characterize microorganisms in samples obtained from different heights in the reactors, which were operated in a semi-continuous manner (feeding and mixing once every 2 days). The FISH ...

The characteristics of waste activated sludge (WAS) were investigated by batch and continuous experiments using thermal pretreatment in the anaerobic digestion. The solubilization ratios of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), protein and carbohydrate increased as 14.8 21.5, 14.7 23.5, and 21 35 %, respectively. The ∼ ∼ ∼ maximum value of specific methane production was achieved at the thermal pre...

This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficiency of a liquid-solids separation process and microwave pretreatment, as well as anaerobic biodegradability of microwave pretreated dairy manure. Liquid-solids separation of raw dairy manure resulted in solid and liquid fractions having different properties, with the solid fractions richer in total and volatile solids content and liquid fractions...

Wastewater treatment is necessary to preserve the environment and living organisms. COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) measures the amount of oxygen consumed by the water in the decomposition of organic matter and oxidation of inorganic matter and chemicals. Predicting effluents in the water is a time consuming process. The proposed method uses anaerobic treatment process to utilize anaerobic bacteri...

The selection of optimum high strength wastewater treatment process is complicated. Be familiar with wastewater treatment methods is not enough to design a plant. In this research, five alternative wastewater treatment methods (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) + membrane bioreactor (MBR), UASB + Extended aeration (EA), Anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR), anaerobic lagoon (ANL) + aerated lago...

The wastewater generated from pharmaceutical industry generally contain high organic load and the treatment is primarily carried out using two major types of biological methods; aerobic and anaerobic. However, due to high strength, it is infeasible to treat some pharmaceutical wastewater using aerobic biological processes. As an alternative, an anaerobic process is preferred to remove high stre...

Results from different research suggest that metallic iron (Fe0) materials enhance anaerobic digestion (AD) systems to remove organics (chemical oxygen demand (COD)), phosphorus and nitrogen polluted water. However, the available results are difficult compare because they derived experimental conditions. This characterises effects of Fe0 type dosage in AD simultaneously COD nutrients (orthophos...

Anaerobic treatment of olive oil mill wastes, namely black water and prina, was investigated in batch reactors. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests were conducted to determine the anaerobic biodegradability of black water and/or prina. With these BMP tests the biodegradability of olive mill wastes (OMWs) at different initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations and corresponding me...

Anaerobic treatability and methane generation potential of cheese whey were determined in batch reactors. Furthermore, the effect of nutrient and trace metal supplementation on the batch anaerobic treatment, and the high-rate anaerobic treatability of cheese whey in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors were investigated. To this purpose biochemical methane potential experiments were ...

Leachates produced at the La Zoreda landfill in Asturias, Spain, were recirculated through a simulated landfill pilot plant. Prior to recirculation, three loads of different amounts of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) were added to the plant, forming in this way consecutive layers. When anaerobic digestion was almost completed, the leachates from the landfill were recirculated. After recirculation, ...