to evaluate the effects of presence of insect pollinators on quantity and quality of seeds of two common cultivars of onion (allium cepa l.), namely red azar shahr and yellow sweet spanish, an experiment in a factorial randomized complete block design was carried out at two sites. bulbs of equal size were planted with plant to plant 35 cm and row to row 50 cm spacing. at each site, experimental...

chestnut-leaved oak (quercus castaneifolia) is one of the most important industrial species of the northern forests of iran. regeneration of this valuable species is limited due to several problems such us pests and the fungal diseases. in order to isolate and identify the fungi associated with oak seed, sampling was carried out during 2007 in shast-kalate forest at gorgan. collected seeds were...

one of the most important goals of sugar beet cultivation is to achieve high seedling emergence and establishment under water deficit conditions. in this experiment irrigation of the seed bearing plants was cutoff in four periods of 750, 1000, 1250 and 1500 gdd after schtechlings were planted and the seeds were formed and grown under water stress. the experiment was carried out as a randomized ...

poor establishment of seedling due to both drought and lack of water is one of the most important problems in arid and semiarid regions such as iran. so, in order to evaluate the effect of lentil seed size on germination and seedling growth properties affected by drought stress, a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement and 3 replications conducted using two lentils genotypes (r...

background previous reports have shown that quince seed might have some healing effects on skin ulcers in rabbits. objectives to assess the potential healing effect of quince seed cream on human skin ulcers. patients and methods the present study was a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. fifty patients with skin ulcer caused by disposable biopsy punch 5 mm were allocated in two groups (...

Based on the compression function of the hash function standard SHA-256, SHACAL-2 is a 64-round block cipher with a 256-bit block size and a variable length key of up to 512 bits. In this paper, we present a related-key rectangle attack on 42-round SHACAL-2, which requires 2 related-key chosen plaintexts and has a running time of 2. This is the best currently known attack on SHACAL-2.

Seed endosperm development in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) is under control of the polycomb group complex, which includes Fertilization Independent Endosperm (FIE). The polycomb group complex regulates downstream factors, e.g. Pheres1 (PHE1), by genomic imprinting. In heterozygous fie mutants, an endosperm develops in ovules carrying a maternal fie allele without fertilization, finally le...