testing plays a vital role in any language teaching program. it allows teachers and stakeholders, including program administrators, parents, admissions officers and prospective employers to be assured that the learners are progressing according to an accepted standard (douglas, 2010). the problems currently facing language testers have both practical and theoretical implications but the first i...

in this investigation the effect of external field on the electron density of nanostructures of cds, cdse, cdte, gaas and polymeric structure of three, four, five and six units of cds as a kind of nanosolar cells has been studied theoretically. as modeling this system in nanodimension, molecular structures has used. specific properties of molecular structures permit us to consider different sym...

implicit and unobserved errors and vulnerabilities issues usually arise in cryptographic protocols and especially in authentication protocols. this may enable an attacker to make serious damages to the desired system, such as having the access to or changing secret documents, interfering in bank transactions, having access to users’ accounts, or may be having the control all over the syste...

To evaluation of genetic parameters of rooting traits in 50 doubled haploid barley lines, a factorial experiment based on CRD was carried out at the agronomy lab of the Zanjan University Analysis of variance showed significant differencesfor all rooting traits:material transfering speed, germination percent, angle, diameter, fresh and dry weight, surface area, cumulative length, the length of t...

To improve crop yields and increase of production performance in marginal areas, the use of genetic potential of crops in terms of morphological and physiological characteristics can lead to yield improvement and increase of production performance in areas with saline water and soil salinity. In order to evaluate genotypic variation in growth and physiological traits of different bread wheat cu...

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of jasmonic and humic acids on some seed germination characteristics of Roselle under the salt stress condition in a factorial experiment, adopting a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments included four different levels of salinity stresses: 0, 70, 140 and 210 mM; four levels of Jasmonic Acid: 0, 50, 150 and 200 mM...

In order to investigate the effect of palm leaf biochar on some characteristics of Cucumis melo L. under drought stress, a split plot experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications for two consecutive years. The main plot was irrigation level (60, 85, and 100% water requirement) and subplot was biochar in four levels (0, 0.18, 0.24, and 0.36 kg/m2). Res...

  To investigate the effect of cadmium (Cd) on some physiological parameters of safflower genotypes a 3-replicate factorial randomized complete blocks experiment was conducted under hydroponics culture in greenhouse facilities of the Isfahan University of Technology in 2012. Four levels of Cd (control (0), 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 mg/L) were tested on six safflower genotypes (Arak2811, Kouseh, Nebraska...