Monoclonal antibodies have proven their potential as therapeutic molecules with applications as diverse as diagnosis, oncology and treatment of autoimmune diseases; the need for their supply is higher than it ever was, with the global market for monoclonal antibodies being expected to grow to nearly $58 billion in 2016. The main challenge for this growth remains the fact these products need to ...

We propose a unique process to generate non-spherical hydrogel microstructures using an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) in a non-equilibrium state. A dextran (Dex) solution containing cells and hydrogel precursor (sodium alginate; NaA) was introduced into microfabricated chambers, which was gradually shrunk and deformed after pouring a polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution. Following the addition ...

in this paper electrical conductivity measurements and optical investigations takes place in aot/ heptane/ (water or aqueous) systems. the water in oil system prepared with adding water in 50% by weight of aot/ heptane solution.  in other systems instead of water, aqueous solutions of 1) zinc acetate and water 2) potassium hydroxide and water were used. in each phase, the trend of the electrica...

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosomes and microvesicles released from cells are potential biomarkers for blood-based diagnostic applications. To exploit EVs as diagnostic biomarkers, an effective pre-analytical process is necessary. However, recent studies performed with blood-borne EVs have been hindered by the lack of effective purification strategies. In this study, an efficient EV i...

We present a simple and rapid method to isolate extracellular vesicles (EVs) by using a polyethylene glycol/dextran aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). This system isolated more than ~75% of melanoma-derived EVs from a mixture of EVs and serum proteins. To increase the purity of EVs, a batch procedure was combined as additional steps to remove protein contaminants, and removed more than ~95% of th...

In the study, an aqueous two phase system (ATPS) coupled with ultrasound was employed to extract lignans from Zanthoxylum armatum. Three standard lignans, namely (-)-fargesin, sesamin and L-asarinin, were used as marker compounds, and extraction was optimized and projected by response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). The optimal condition for ATPS with 20% n-propan...

BACKGROUND Phenylalanine dehydrogenase (PheDH; EC 1.4.1.20) is a NAD+-dependent enzyme that performs the reversible oxidative deamination of L-phenylalanine to phenylpyruvate. It plays an important role in detection and screening of phenylketonuria (PKU) diseases and production of chiral intermediates as well. The main goal of this study was to find a simple and rapid alternative method for pur...

background and purpose: cadmium is hazardous and non-biodegradable material entering the food chain. in this paper, the removal of cadmium from aqueous solutions by sunflower powder (the natural biosorbent) was investigated. materials and methods: the experiments were performed in a batch system. the effect of parameters such as contact time, ph, cadmium concentration and adsorbent dose were ev...

In this paper electrical conductivity measurements and optical investigations takes place in AOT/ heptane/ (water or aqueous) systems. The water in oil system prepared with adding water in 50% by weight of AOT/ heptane solution.  In other systems instead of water, aqueous solutions of 1) zinc acetate and water 2) Potassium Hydroxide and water were used. In each phase, the trend of the electrica...

In this work liquid-liquid equilibrium for aqueous two phase system composed of polyethylene glycol di-methyl ether and tri-potassium citrate at different medium pH values (6.00, 7.00 and 8.00) and 298.15 K was studied. The obtained results show that two phase area expanded with an increasing of pH values. The performances of the Merchuk and semi-empirical equations were tested in correlating t...