نتایج جستجو برای: atmosphere pressure
تعداد نتایج: 457789 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Early heat waves are extreme events that cause heavy losses in plant and animal life and cause many social and economic problems for communities. The purpose of this study was to identify synoptic patterns and statistical analysis of preterm heat waves in northwestern Iran. To do this, the maximum daily temperature data of March 14th was used for fourteen synoptic stations in the northwest of t...
We report here on the coupling of a gas reactor with a VUV beamline at the SOLEIL synchrotron radiation facility. The reactor may be irradiated window-less with gas pressure up to the atmosphere. The photochemistry is monitored by a mass spectrometer gas analyzer. This set up, termed APSIS for Atmospheric Photochemistry SImulated by Synchrotron, has been used to simulate the atmosphere of Titan...
Supersonic air transport generates sonic booms that can affect people, animals and structures. There is a renewed interest in high-speed transport for civilian application. The widely used standard atmosphere for sonic boom prediction is neither capable of describing topographical variation, nor temporal variations, nor the impact of wind on the propagation of a sonic boom. However, within the ...
Prolonged hyperbaric oxygen exposure causes pulmonary and nervous system toxicity, although hyperbaric oxygen treatment has been used to treat a broad spectrum of ailments. In the current study, animals have been exposed to 100% oxygen at a pressure of 2.3 atmospheres absolute (ATA) for two, six and 10 hours or 0.23 MPa normoxic hyperbaric nitrogen (N2-O2 mixture, oxygen partial pressure = 21 k...
Although there is abundant evidence that a rich microflora exists at the bottom of the ocean, in deep oil well brines, and in other habitats characterized by high pressure (cf. ZoBell, 1946), no clear understanding has been reached concerning the influence of pressure on the growth, viability, and metabolism of the organisms in such environments. The results of older (Certes, 1884a,b,c; Regnard...
The ATMOS Fourier transform spectrometer was flown for a fourth time on the Space Shuttle as part of the ATLAS-3 instrument payload in November 1994. More than 190 sunrise and sunset occultation events provided measurements of more than 30 atmospheric trace gases at latitudes 3 49øN and 65 72øS, including observations both inside and outside the Antarctic polar vortex. The instrument configurat...
Until about a decade ago, black carbon (BC) was thought to be the only light absorbing substance in the atmospheric aerosol except for soil or desert dust In more recent years, light absorbing polymeric carbonaceous material was found in atmospheric aerosols. Absorption increases appreciably toward short wavelengths, so this fraction was called brown carbon. Because brown carbon is thermally ra...
w In a recent paper, Liu et al. Liu, C., Jonas, P.R., Saunders, C.P.R., 1996. Accuracy of the anomalous diffraction approximation to the light scattering by column-like ice crystals. Atmos. x Ž . Res. 41, 63–69 reported that the anomalous diffraction approximation ADA accuracy is not < < sensitive to van de Hulst’s condition my1 1, but is dependent on the size parameter x . w Videen and Chylek ...
We present a new technique for measuring refractive index changes using the technique of phase-shift keying of holographic gratings. Based on this technique, we have realized an holographic interferometer to gauge refractive index variations in gases. We present experimental data for standard atmosphere under laboratory conditions and theoretical calculations for the measured transfer function ...
Comment 1.i Determining the quantities used in the analysis: GR: -How much does the choice of the method for assessing GR (the log-normal fitting method) affect the obtained values? The maximum concentration method (see e.g. Kulmala et al., 2012) is also very often used; would the values change if this method was used instead? -Is GR corrected for coagulational losses, as proposed by Leppä et a...
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