Men may not be able to multitask, but it seems that proteins can. Although the one gene-one protein-one function hypothesis is well ingrained in the Central Dogma, it has become clear during the past decade that many proteins have one or more unique functions in addition to their primary biological action. These proteins perform multiple independent and often unrelated roles without partitionin...

background and objectives: pathogen reduction technologies are among methods to eliminate transfusion transmitted infections. mirasol method using riboflavin in combination with ultraviolet rays is one of them. the aims of this study were to investigate the effectiveness of mirasol method to inactivate some model pathogens as well as examination of the sensitivity of plasma proteins after treat...

In this article are reviewed the promising uses of phage display in areas such as microbial pathogens detection and vaccination. Phage is a molecular technique by which foreign proteins expressed at surface particles. Such phages thereby become vehicles for expression that not only carry within them nucleotide sequence encoding proteins, but have also capability to replicate. Recent data acquir...

Medicinal plants exerted their antibacterial effects through many mechanisms included inhibition of cell wall synthesis, membrane disruption cytoplasmic membrane, bacterial proteins nucleic acid energy metabolism, as well virulence factors. The current review highlighted the medicinal with activity spectrum action.

Recent research on the mechanism underlying the interaction of bacterial pathogens with their host has shifted the focus to secreted microbial proteins affecting the physiology and innate immune response of the target cell. These proteins either traverse the plasma membrane via specific entry pathways involving host cell receptors or are directly injected via bacterial secretion systems into th...

Tobacco is the most commonly used plant for expression of transgenes from a variety of organisms, because it is easily grown and transformed, it provides abundant amounts of fresh tissue and has a well-established cell culture system. Many bacterial proteins involved in the synthesis of commercial products are currently engineered for production in tobacco. Bacterial enzymes synthesized in toba...