This paper complements the ongoing empirical discussion surrounding participative budgeting by comparing its economic merits relative to a top-down budgeting alternative. We analyze a screening model of participative budgeting where the subordinate uses the budgeting mechanism to relay private information to his superior, in addition to a signaling model of top-down budgeting where the superior...

Promoting public participation in urban processes has long been a key issue discussions about governance. However, despite the advantages of more progressive and inclusive city governance, participatory budgeting (PB) often faces challenges to ensure collaboration between different departments involved residents. In some cases, residents are unsure PB models’ transparency, other examples show w...

Participatory budgeting is one of the exciting developments in deliberative grassroots democracy. We concentrate on approval elections and propose proportional representation axioms in participatory budgeting, by generalizing relevant axioms for approval-based multi-winner elections. We observe a rich landscape with respect to the computational complexity of identifying proportional budgets and...

the solutions of mathematical models for the estimation of the kinetic, and biokinetic parameters of naphthalene, anthracene and pyrene during degradation in surface and subsurface soils are presented in this work. the models were developed using the twin concepts of rate-determining step and steady-state approximation method. they described the biodegradation of single and a mixture of polycy...

With the advent of increased computing on mobile devices such as phones and tablets, it has become crucial to pay attention to the energy consumption of mobile applications. The software engineering field is now faced with a whole new spectrum of energy-related challenges, ranging from power budgeting to testing and debugging the energy consumption. To the best of our knowledge there has been l...

The main purpose of the present work is multi-objective shape optimization of a projectile tip for impacting and normal penetrating. Velocity drop, weight and inner volume of projectile have been considered as three conflicting objective functions.  For this purpose, at the first step, finite element modeling was done using ABAQUS/Explicit and projectile penetration was examined in different ge...

Cellular manufacturing (CM) is one of the most important subfields in the design of manufacturing systems and as a recently emerged field of study and practice, virtual cellular manufacturing (VCM) inherits the importance from CM. One type of VCM problems is VCM with alternative processing routes from which the route for processing each part should be selected. In this research, a bi-objective ...

a‎s we know, developing mathematical models and numerical procedures that would appropriately treat and solve systems of linear equations where some of the system's parameters are proposed as fuzzy numbers is very important in fuzzy set theory. for this reason, many researchers have used various numerical methods to solve fuzzy linear systems. in this paper, we define the concepts of midpoint a...