Purpose The role of ear canal in transmitting blast waves to the brain is not clear. The goal of this work is to characterize the influence of ear canal on blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury through a computational approach. Methods A three-dimensional human head model with single-side ear canal details was reconstructed from computed tomography images. The ear canal was positioned eithe...

The paper defines and describes blast waves, their interaction with a structure and its subsequent response. Explosions generate blast waves, which need not be due to explosives. A blast wave consists of two parts: a shock wave and a blast wind. The paper explains how shock waves are formed and their basic properties. The physics of blast waves is non-linear and therefore non-intuitive. To unde...

Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. How the primary blast wave affects the brain is not well understood. In particular, it is unclear whether blast injures the brain through mechanisms similar to those found in non-blast closed impact injuries (nbTBI). The β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide associated with th...

Transmission of blast waves is a complex phenomenon and the characteristics vary with blast design parameters and geo-technical properties of medium. Frequency of vibration and triggering component for structural excitation generally quantifies safe vibration magnitude. At closer distance or higher elevations than the blast locations, vertical or transverse component will be the first arrival t...

In this work the effect of the accuracy of a FAE detonation modeling on the generated blast wave is investigated. First, a one-dimensional numerical simulation with a reduced chemical kinetics of C2H2-O2-Ar, involving 25 elementary reactions, is used as the base model. The properties of the blast calculated with this model is compared with those of simpler models, the similarity solution of Tay...

like most limestone mines, which produce the raw materials required for cement companies, the transportation cost of the raw materials used in the shahrood cement company is high. it has been tried to build the crushing and grinding plant close to the mine as much as possible. on the other hand, blasting has harmful effects, and the impacts of blast-induced damages on the sensitive machinery, e...

Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) is a sequence similarity search program. The public interface of BLAST, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast, at the NCBI website has recently been reengineered to improve usability and performance. Key new features include simplified search forms, improved navigation, a list of recent BLAST results, saved search strategies and a documentation directory. H...

in this study, the blast furnace slag was used as absorbing bed and then, its ionic adsorption was studied. for this reason, various experimental parameters such as ph, contact time and the primary ion concentration were investigated. the remaining concentrations of ions such as; mn2+ and fe2+ in water were measured by atomic adsorption spectroscopy. the chemical and phase composition of slag, ...