Categories are not invariant. This paper attempts to explore the dynamic nature of semantic category, in particular, that of fashion language, based on the cognitive theory of Dawkins’ memetics, a new theory of cultural evolution. Semantic attributes of linguistic memes decrease or proliferate in replication and spreading, which involves a dynamic development of semantic category. More specific...

Metaphor is a pervasive feature of human language that enables us to conceptualize and communicate abstract concepts using more concrete terminology. Unfortunately, it is also a feature that serves to confound a computer’s ability to comprehend natural human language. We present a method to detect linguistic metaphors by inducing a domainaware semantic signature for a given text and compare thi...

this paper seeks to trace some of the roots and problems of the rational view of innovation. concentrating primarily upon product innovation, we point out that the eighteenth century notion of social progress in the light of reason has gradually given an enormous impetus to a rational view of product innovation in modern organizations. we summarize several decades of research into management of...

In this paper, we address the problem of how people understand predicative metaphors such as “The rumor flew through the office”, and argue that two-stage categorization is the process via which predicative metaphors are understood. In the two-stage categorization process, the verb of a predicative metaphor (e.g., fly) evokes an intermediate category, which in turn evokes a metaphorical categor...

Starting from the observation by Lakoff and Núñez (2000) that the process for mathematical discoveries is essentially one of creating metaphors, we show how Information Flow theory (Barwise & Seligman, 1997) can be used to formalise the basic metaphors for arithmetic that ground the basic concepts in the human embodied nature. 1 The Cognition of Mathematics Mathematics is most commonly seen as ...

Metaphor comprehension involves an interaction between the meaning of the topic and the vehicle terms of the metaphor. Meaning is represented by vectors in a high-dimensional semantic space. Predication modifies the topic vector by merging it with selected features of the vehicle vector. The resulting metaphor vector can be evaluated by comparing it with known landmarks in the semantic space. T...

Comprehension difficulty was rated for metaphors of the form Noun1-is-aNoun2; in addition, participants completed frames of the form Noun1-is-________ with their literal interpretation of the metaphor. Metaphor comprehension was simulated with a computational model based on Latent Semantic Analysis. The model matched participants’ interpretations for both easy and difficult metaphors. When inte...