A novel low noise trans-impedance amplifier is proposed using low cost 0.18 µm CMOS technology. A resistive-capacitive feedback is used to extend the bandwidth of the amplifier. As the structure is inductor less, it is suitable for low cost integrated optical interconnects. In this paper Improved Particle Swarm Optimization have applied to determine optimal trans-resistance and noise of propose...

Today, one of the biggest problems that gripped the banking sphere, the high cost of implementing advanced technologies and the efficient use of the hardware. Cloud computing is the use of shared services on the Internet provides a large role in developing the banking system, without the need for operating expenses including staffing, equipment, hardware and software Reducing the cost of implem...

Body Centric Wireless Communication (BCWC) has been topic of much research in recent years. In this manuscript, a novel low-cost microstrip patch antenna is designed for on-/off-body communication with a dual-band operation. The proposed structure exhibits a monopole-like radiation pattern at 2.45 GHz and a broadside radiation at 4.8 GHz, simultaneously. Lateral dimensions of 42 mm × 46 mm and ...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the economics of administering calcium and vitamin D3 to post-menopausal women in Sweden. We focus primarily on the cost-effectiveness of treating older women for whom clear evidence of efficacy is available. We supplement this information, however, with estimates of the cost-effectiveness of treating certain high-risk groups of younger women...

The roles of the several parameters that influences railway track deterioration most, are examined in this research with a view to make railway track maintenance more effective and cost efficient. The results presented are based on a comprehensive study of railway track degradation on super structure, sub-structure and geometrical aspects. The changes in TQI (Track Quality Index), the track set...