This paper presents a conceptual framework for explaining credit union (CU) loan delinquency and profitability in developing countries, together with empirical estimation for a unique sample of Latin American CUs. Delinquency and profitability were found to be responsive to the incentives that CUs create for their borrowers to repay loans. These incentives include loan and deposit rates, the us...

In the aftermath of the global financial crisis (2007-2009), policymakers in the developing countries and emerging economies have generally relied on macroprudential policies to achieve financial stability. Since the banking systemchr('39')s vulnerability plays an essential role in financial instability, and the banking systemchr('39')s stability is exposed to vulnerability, we examine macropru...

In this lecture I consider the impact and optimality of Earned IncomeTax Policies. The policy issue addressed is the low labour market attachment and high incidence of poverty among certain groups. These policies have taken a central position in EU labour market policy debate and I focus on reforms over the last decade in the UK. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ‘No society can surely ...

We analyze a model of mortgage markets, housing tenure choice, heterogeneous agents, and default with closed form solutions. We uncover new insights which may inspire empirical work, and we ground already-established insights in a series of tractable expressions. Then we study optimal LTV regulation, and show that the choice of an LTV cap should balance the opposing forces of access to homeowne...

Delayed payment (trade credit) and prepayment are widely observed forms of interfirm credit. We propose a simple theory to account for the prevalence of such credit. A downstream firm trades off inventory holding costs against lost sales. Lost final sales impose a negative externality on the upstream firm. The solution requires a subsidy limited by the value of inputs. Allowing the downstream f...

The national savings and credit to private sector played important role in economic growth and development of Pakistan. The impact of savings and credit to private sector on economic growth in Pakistan was evaluated in the present study. The time series data for the period of 1973 to 2007 was used to evaluate the impact of savings and credit on economic growth. The data was obtained from variou...

A variety of renewable electricity policies to promote investment in wind, solar, and other types of renewable generators exist across the United States. The federal renewable energy investment tax credit, the federal renewable energy production tax credit, and state renewable portfolio standards are among the most notable. Whether the benefits of promoting new technology and reducing pollution...

The failure or success of the banking industry depends largely on the industry’s ability to properly evaluate credit risk. In the consumer-lending context, the bank’s goal is to maximize income by issuing as many good loans to consumers as possible while avoiding losses associated with bad loans. Mistakes could severely affect profits because the losses associated with one bad loan may undermin...

Note. This original form of this rebuttal was submitted to Science on 3 March 2017 (limited to 300 words as per Science editorial policy) but rejected on 13 March 2017. Herein, we elaborate on our original Science submission in order to more fully address the issue without the length limitations. This rebuttal is followed by the list of the signatories who supported our original submission.