Abstract—The demand for Urban transportation is characterised by a large scale temporal and spatial variations which causes heavy congestion inside metro trains in peak hours near Centre Business District (CBD) of the city. The conventional approach to address peak hour congestion, metro trains has been to increase the supply by way of introduction of more trains, increasing the length of the t...

Objective Estimate price elasticity of demand for cigarettes and alcohol in Ecuador using cross-sectional data from the National Survey of Urban and Rural Household Income and Expenditures (ENIGHUR is the acronym in Spanish) 2011-2012. Methods ENIGHUR 2011-2012 data were used with Deaton's (1, 2) methodology to estimate price elasticity of demand for cigarettes and alcohol with expenditure an...

A distinctive component of cloud-based applications is the elasticity control. This component facilitates the adaptation necessary for an application to maintain service quality in the presence of fluctuating demand. Elasticity control achieves this adaptation at runtime by managing the expansion and contraction of resource capacity in response to demand. How to design the rules of elasticity c...

We examine the influences of urban redevelopment costs and land-use allocation efficiency and equity on the elasticity of housing development density with respect to urban demand shocks in the context of China’s urban growth from 1998 to 2004. We do so in an inter-city spatial equilibrium framework, where demand shocks are capitalized in urban land rent growth, which influences urban population...

A distinctive component of cloud-based applications is the elasticity control. This component facilitates the adaptation necessary for an application to maintain service quality in the presence of fluctuating demand. Elasticity control achieves this adaptation at runtime by managing the expansion and contraction of resource capacity in response to demand. How to design the rules of elasticity c...

Most US consumers are charged a near-constant retail price for electricity, despite substantial hourly variation in the wholesale market price. The Smart Grid is a set of emerging technologies that will facilitate "real-time pricing" for electricity and increase price elasticity of demand. This paper simulates the e¤ects of this increased demand elasticity using counterfactual simulations in a ...

This paper uses annual data on world oil price and consumption from 1965 to 2006 to calibrate a Hotelling model of optimal nonrenewable resource extraction. Numerical solutions are generated for various specifications of the elasticity of demand for both isoelastic demand and linear demand under each of two possible market structures: perfect competition and monopoly. Prior to the 1973 oil cris...

If social “harm” is an inverse-U function against the degree of control of illicit drug markets, and if revenue can proxy “harm,” what demand functions result in increasing marginal revenue?