in this experimental work the pressure induced phase transformation of silicon and germaniumhas been studied. it was shown that at a particular value of applied pressure, (pt), depending on the sampletemperature, the electrical resistance of the specimen falls off to a metallic state. the main goal of this studywas to find out how the phase transformation pressure, pt, for a p-type silicon vari...

addiction is a phenomenon that causes structural changes in different systems of society. studies show for planning of addiction prevention and treatment, it is necessary to create an information management system. substance dependence information systems refer to systems which collect, analyse and report data related to substance dependence information. the aim of this study was to identify ad...

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Participants were 390 students (221 boys, 169 girls; mean age 17.1 years, SD 1.1; range 15 to 20 years). They were drawn from a random sample of 14 classes from 3 secondary and grammar schools in the departments of Haute-Garonne and Pyrénées-Orientales, France. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing the frequency and preferred method of cannabis use. We assessed cannabis dependence ac...

Objective: Substance dependence is the most critical biopsychosocial and legal problem. It has various harmful effects at the individual, familial, and society levels. The current study aimed to determine the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on reducing the intensity of substance dependence and improving cognitive emotion regulation in substance-dependent patients under methadone m...

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs; EC: 2.5.1.18) are ubiquitous multifunctional enzymes, which play a key role in cellular detoxification. Functional genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding GSTM1 (a member of GST class mu; OMIM: 138350), and GSTT1 (a member of GST class theta; OMIM: 600436) have been well defined. The functional null alleles of GSTM1 and GSTT1 represent deletions of GSTM1 and GS...

The uptake of resources from the environment is a vital process for all organisms. Many experimental studies have revealed that the rate at which this process occurs depends critically on the resource concentration, a relationship called ‘‘functional response.’’ However, whether the concentration of the consumer normally affects the functional response has been the subject of a long-standing, p...