abstract target-oriented approaches to translation studies are regarded as recent theories of translation. one of the most famous theories among these approaches is descriptive translation studies presented by toury (1995). this theory gives a new dimension to translation studies and gives importance to the descriptive rather than prescriptive studies. it also identifies three sets of transla...

Metagenomics is a discipline that enables the genomic study of unculturaled microorganisms. Microorganisms constitute two third of the Earth’s biological diversity. In many environments, 99% of the microorganisms cannot be cultured by standard techniques. Culture-independent methods are required to study the genetic diversity, population structure and ecological roles of the majority of o...

section{introduction} the concept of {sl cartan geometry} appeared at the beginning of the twentieth century, when {e}lie cartan was working on the so-called {sl equivalence problem}, the aim of which is to determine whether two given geometric structures can be mapped bijectively onto each other by some diffeomorphism. this problem can be considered in many different contexts, such as ...

To achieve sustainable development as well as the conservation of natural ecosystems and their biodiversity, it is necessary to study ecological foctors and their impacts on plant species diversity. The Khorramabad-Andimeshk highway was selected in the current study to investigate the diversity of the family Brassicaceae. The length of this highway is 100 km and its height ranged from 420 to 17...