successful pasture-based milk production systems pivot on balancing dairy cows’ feed requirements with seasonal and annual fluctuations in pasture production. in order to maximise cow production from grazing dairy systems, it is necessary to reach an efficient utilization of grazed grass for feeding cows and the development of appropriate grazing management systems designed to maximize daily pa...

in order to evaluation the effects of different soil fertility systems on chickpea seed quality, field experiments were carried out in sanandaj agriculture research station of iran in 2007 and 2008 growing seasons. experimental units were arranged in split-split plots based on randomized complete blocks with three replications. green manure levels considered main plots, base fertilizer compound...

Objectives in tropical livestock enterprises are more varied than in most temperate situations. Only in enclosed or fixed area management systems are they generally similar. With communal grazing or nomadic systems, objectives are usually not to maximise profits from sales. Grazing management, other than through the control of stock numbers and animal species combination, is difficult to implem...

Across Africa, chimpanzees prey on army ants, typically using stick tools. Population differences in predation patterns reflect environmental as well as sociocultural factors. However, as for ecological constraints, we lack information about how the ants’ defensive response unfolds over the course of a predatory attempt and how this influences chimpanzee reward. We studied these aspects of inse...

in the new production systems, finding a way to improving the product and system reliability in design is a very important. The reliability of the products and systems may improve using different methods. One of this methods is redundancy allocation problem. In this problem by adding redundant component to sub-systems under some constraints, the reliability improved. In this paper we worked on ...