Policy makers worldwide put great emphasize on national and regional ICT development not least because it is believed to constitute a decisive factor for enhancing competitiveness and sustaining growth. And indeed a row of empirical studies suggests that ICTs have a positive impact on economic development. At the same time, Internet infrastructure and technology adoption appear to reinforce exi...

In India, entrepreneurship among women is of recent origin. Socio – economic background is an important factor that influences the woman to start their business. Money is not the sole objective among woman entrepreneurs to enter in to the business. The studies relating to woman entrepreneurs in rural areas further reveal that training and awareness regarding different agencies have proved benef...

Previous studies have indicated that discriminatory practices exist in the Information Technology profession. This paper compares the current salaries and skill sets of women developers to their male counterparts. Following a number of previous studies, we take an economic perspective in examining potential discriminatory practices. We fit the human capital model based on economic theory to pro...

In this study we test whether leaving school in an economic downturn impacts self-esteem. Self-esteem is an important dimension of non-cognitive skill that economists have recently begun to examine. Previous work documents that leaving school in a downturn persistently depresses career outcomes, and career success is an important determinant of self-esteem. We model responses to the Rosenberg S...

This survey reviews both theoretical and empirical papers that examine the economic effects of labour mobility with a particular reference to intra-European migration. We address three broad sets of issues: firstly, the effect that immigration has on the host country's labour market. Although the possible adverse effects that immigration can have on the wage and employment levels of natives are...

Labor market participation rates of German and British females have risen during the last decades, whereas participation rates of males declined or remained stable. Nevertheless between the countries, di erences in aggregate gender speci c participation rates remain. Both countries di er with respect to economic development, labor market institutions, and the framework of the welfare system. Pa...

This paper estimates the relationship between handedness and social adjustment. In addition to binary measures of hand preference, we also use a continuous measure of hand skill. Outcomes at ages 7, 11 and 16 are studied. Using a semi-parametric estimator it is shown that non-right-handedness (as hand-preference) is associated with poorer social adjustment but this effect disappears as the indi...

Status is greatly valued in the real world, yet it has not received much attention from economic theorists. We examine how the owner of a firm can best combine money and status together to get his employees to work hard for the least total cost. We find that he should motivate workers of low skill mostly by status and high skill mostly by money. Moreover, he should do so by using a small number...

Historically, industrialization has been associated with falling relative returns to skills. This fact is at odds with most unified theories of industrialization, which tend to imply rising skill premia as natural concomitants to economic growth. This paper develops a very simple model of historical growth to help solve this puzzle. Assuming that human capital is both a consumption good and an ...