Nowadays, water and electricity are closely interdependent essential sources in human life that affect socio-economic growth and prosperity. In other words, electricity is a fundamental source to supply a seawater desalination process, while fresh water is used for cooling this power plant. Therefore, mutual vulnerability of water treatment and power generation systems is growing because of inc...

A synchronous ion separation and electricity generation process has been developed using G-O membranes. In addition to the size effect proposed prevsiouly, the separation of ions can be attributed to the different interactions between ions and G-O membranes; the generation of electricity is due to the confinement of G-O membranes, and the mobility difference of ions. Efficient energy transducti...

Environmental degradation is widespread in Northeast Asia, particularly atmospheric pollution. Enhanced electricity grid interconnections in Northeast Asia offer two distinct kinds of benefits: (a) the spatial separation of generating source and point of electricity use, and (b) the substitution of cleaner fuels for coal. The first of these factors offers real potential. In most of the region, ...

in this paper, the concept of conjectural variation (cv) is used to specify optimal generation decision for generation companies (gencos). the conjecture of genco is defined as its belief or expectation about the reaction of rivals to change of its output. using cv method, each genco has to learn and estimate strategic behaviors of other competitors from available historical market operation da...

17 T he NEA carries out economic studies on a regular basis to assist member countries in their own assessments in support of decision making for the power sector. As part of the studies carried out under the NEA Nuclear Development Committee, several computer tools have been used to calculate the costs of electricity generation, their various elements and their sensitivity to different paramet...

This paper examines a California-based microgrid’s decision to invest in a distributed generation (DG) unit fuelled by natural gas. While the long-term natural gas generation cost is stochastic, we initially assume that the microgrid may purchase electricity at a fixed retail rate from its utility. Using the real options approach, we find a natural gas generation cost threshold that triggers DG...

We use Monte Carlo analysis to examine the potential of increased renewable generation to provide a hedge against variability in energy prices and costs. Fuel costs, electricity demand and wind generation are allowed to vary and a unit commitment and economic dispatch algorithm is employed to produce costminimising generation schedules under different levels of installed wind capacity. Increase...

concepts of power engineering and electrical design dating from the late 1800s. Power flows from large-scale generating plant through high-voltage transmission and lower-voltage distribution networks before being delivered to consumers. This system is used throughout the world with great success, and is an essential enabler of modern living. Recently however, both government policies and market...

Although technological progress can alter the relative costs of different energy sources, fossil fuels inevitably will be displaced as depletion raises their costs and makes them uncompetitive. They may be displaced sooner if they are taxed to internalize negative externalities. Currently, wind generation or nuclear power, supplemented by bulk electricity storage, are the most feasible alternat...

Since the early 1990s, an increasing number of countries worldwide have liberalized their electricity power sectors. Contrary to before, when power sectors were not open to competition and prices were set by regulators according to the cost of generation, transmission and distribution, electricity prices are now determined by an equilibrium of supply and demand. On one hand, electricity contrac...