BACKGROUND Preterm birth is a risk factor for decreased exercise capacity and impaired cognitive functions in later life. The objective of this study was to disentangle the associations between preterm birth, physical fitness and cognitive performance in young adulthood. METHODS This population-based cohort study included 218,802 young men born in Sweden 1973-1983. Data on birth characteristi...

OBJECTIVE To identify perinatal clinical antecedents of white matter microstructural abnormalities in extremely preterm infants. METHODS A prospective cohort of extremely preterm infants (N = 86) and healthy term controls (N = 16) underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) at term equivalent age. Region of interest-based measures of white matter microstructure - fractional anisotropy and mean d...

OBJECTIVE To assess neonatologists' attitudes and practices regarding treatment of extremely preterm infants in the delivery room, particularly in response to parental wishes. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey of all neonatologists in Sweden registered with the Swedish Pediatric Society. RESULTS The response rate was 71% (88 of 124 neonatologists). At 24[1/7] to 24[6/7] weeks of gestation...

CONTEXT Late-preterm infants (LPIs) born at 34 to 36 weeks' gestation are increasingly regarded as being at risk for adverse developmental outcomes. To date, the early childhood development of LPIs has not been systematically considered. OBJECTIVE To undertake a broad examination of literature relating to early childhood development at the ages of 1 to 7 years of LPIs born at 34 to 36 weeks' ...

Worldwide, about 15 million infants are born prematurely each year. Technological advances, including invasive mechanical ventilation, play a major role in the survival of extremely preterm babies. Those who survive may have prolonged morbid conditions that result in long-term sequelae. Nurses face several challenges during the hospitalization of these infants. Vigilant care, monitoring, and ca...

OBJECTIVE To review the recent medical literature on nutrition of extremely low birth weight infants, focusing on nutritional disorders and their effects on childhood, adolescence and adulthood. SOURCES OF DATA An extensive review of the related literature was performed using MEDLINE, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and the Best Evidence database. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS There i...

*Information provided by author. MAIN RESULTS Analysis was by intention to treat. The groups did not differ for growth outcomes or major developmental abnormalities (table), or worst retinopathy (p = 0.34). However, the higher target group had higher rates of dependence on supplemental oxygen at 36 weeks PA (table) and spent more days on oxygen (median 40 v 17.5 d, p,0.001) than those in the st...

Changes in plasma fibronectin concentrations were determined during bacterial septicaemia in extremely preterm infants. The study was a prospective study of fibronectin concentrations in infants of less than 30 weeks' gestation. Concentrations were determined at birth, before sepsis, and throughout the episode of sepsis. Fibronectin concentrations at birth or immediately before sepsis were not ...

developing autism. No child in this study was diagnosed with Asperger's Syndrome. This is probably because of the increased risk of cognitive and neurodevelopmental impairment. With the diagnostic criteria of Asperger's involving no speech delay, there is little connection from the extremely preterm development and normal speech development with Autism in this sample of extremely preterm childr...