This study presents a fast and exact computational method for crack propagation which is based on the extended finite element method (X-FEM). It is well known that the X-FEM has been developed to be an important numerical method for crack propagation. However, there are still some limitations on the computational cost due to the requirements of very refined meshes and very small iteration step ...

This paper reformulates a time-discontinuous finite element method (TD-FEM) based on a new class of shape functions, called complex Fourier hereafter, for solving two-dimensional elastodynamic problems. These shape functions, which are derived from their corresponding radial basis functions, have some advantages such as the satisfaction of exponential and trigonometric function fields in comple...

In this paper, it was firstly confirmed by FEM analysis of ground during earthquake that two kinds of techniques using both displacements of hollow and natural grounds in seismic deformation method were equivalent. Then, the authors were proposed a criterion for evaluating applicability of seismic deformation method, based on comparison of calculated results of both the above-mentioned techniqu...

This paper presents a methodology for the multi-objective (MO) shape optimization of plate structure under stress criteria, based on a mixed Finite Element Model (FEM) enhanced with a sub-structuring method. The optimization is performed with a classical Genetic Algorithm (GA) method based on Pareto-optimal solutions and considers thickness distributions parameters and antagonist objectives amo...

Male or female? How genes send a developing embryo down one path or the other varies substantially among species. In honeybees, it boils down to whether a particular chromosomal location has the same version of a gene (called homozygous) or two different versions (heterozygous). Honeybees that have two different versions of the sex determination locus (SDL) develop female traits. Those that hav...

Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites make first sperm, then oocytes. By contrast, animals homozygous for any of six loss-of-function mutations in the gene mog-1 (for masculinization of the germ line) make sperm continuously and do not switch into oogenesis. Therefore, in mog-1 mutants, germ cells that normally would become oocytes are transformed into sperm. By contrast, somatic sexual fates a...

The use of the Finite Element Method (FE) is an appropriate way to study occlusal forces and tooth movement. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different occlusal contact patterns on tooth displacement in an adult dentition using a three-dimensional FE model of a human maxilla and mandible. Initially, images of a computerized tomography scan were redrawn in a computer prog...

In this paper we propose a new general framework for the application of the nonlinear finite element method (FEM) to nonrigid motion analysis. We construct the models by integrating image data and prior knowledge, using well-established techniques from computer vision, structural mechanics, and computer-aided design (CAD). These techniques guide the process of optimization of mesh models. Linea...

The time-domain finite-element method (TD–FEM) is a reliable numerical method for room acoustics simulation. With the recent progress in computer technology, the use of FEM at high frequencies has become a realistic option. However, efficient simulation at high frequencies is still cited as a challenging task. One of the key to realize such simulation is to reduce the discretization error calle...