Avian leukosis virus (ALV) is an oncogenic virus causing a variety of neoplasms in chickens. The group of avian leukosis virus in chickens contains six closely related subgroups, A to E and J. The prevalence of ALVs in hosts may have imposed strong selective pressure toward resistance to ALVs infection. The tvb gene encodes Tvb receptor and determines susceptibility or resistance to the subgrou...

Retroviral and lentiviral vector pseudotypes (based on human immunodeficiency virus type 1, HIV-1) have been used for stable and safe gene transfer because of their broad host ranges and high mechanical strength. In the present study, a recombinant avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) polypeptide pseudotyped with lentivirus membrane glycoproteins gp85 and gp37, HIV/env-ALV, was generated, ch...

Avian leukosis virus (ALV) is an avian oncogenic retrovirus causing enormous economic losses in the global poultry industry. Although ALV-related research has lasted for more than a century, there are no vaccines to protect chickens from ALV infection. The interaction between chickens and ALV remains not fully understood especially with regard to the host immunity. The current review provides a...

101 isolates of Brucella spp. including the reference (n=7) and the Iranian field strains belonging to last years 1961-2003 (n=94) were biotyped and classified into 9 biotypes. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis using a ten mer-AP4 primer was generated 72 reproduciable DNA band. The typeability was 100%. The thirteen isolates were classified into five groups, each containing 2-4 b...

Abstract The propagation of the modulated wave (MW) pattern and its instability in nonlinear medium is an important study from where experimental results are obtained. In this work, we use Schrödinger equation (NLSE) with saturation nonlinearity (SN) which describes solitonic waves molecular chain (MC) model. We set our on effectiveness acoustic longitudinal velocity (ALV) related to vibration ...

The avian leukosis virus (ALV) entry mechanism is controversial, with evidence for and against a low-pH requirement for viral fusion. To further address this question, we tested the entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pseudotyped with the envelope protein of subgroup B ALV (ALV-B) in the presence of three different lysosomotropic agents. These lysosomotropic agents were able to...

Immune mechanisms in 2 strains of Salmo salar (Baltic salmon from River Ume Alv in Sweden and East Atlantic salmon from River Skjernå in Denmark) infected with the monogenean ectoparasite Gyrodactylus salaris were elucidated by molecular tools (real-time PCR). The gene expression in the fins (the preferred microhabitat of the parasite) of the susceptible but responding Swedish salmon was compar...

101 isolates of brucella spp. including the reference (n=7) and the iranian field strains belonging to last years 1961-2003 (n=94) were biotyped and classified into 9 biotypes. random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis using a ten mer-ap4 primer was generated 72 reproduciable dna band. the typeability was 100%. the thirteen isolates were classified into five groups, each containing 2-4 b...