NTEREST IN BANKING MATTERS surged in the 1980s, when the U.S. banking system experienced considerable difficulties after several decades of stability. During the decade, the number of bank failures increased sharply, and banks in general experienced increasing problem loans and dwindling capital. Most banks recovered their financial strength in the early 1990s thanks to improved economic condit...

this paper investigates the key factors affecting the foreign direct investment (fdi) inflow to deve­­loping countries during the period (1995-2010) with emphasis on the financial development. financial development, as an important factor in fdi absorption and a prerequisite for utilizing the benefits of fdi, not only increases the fdi inflow in developing countries, but also improve the absorp...

The current EU financial system is characterised by relatively few large, interconnected and diversified banking groups. Whereas several large EU banking groups have weathered the crisis well, the EU financial system as a whole would have likely imploded due to a system-wide cascade of banking failures without the extraordinary and on-going taxpayer, government and central bank support (Europea...

does muzarebah include all commercial activity orincludes only sale? in jurist opinion muzarebah is validonly under two conditions: 1. being with money or in cashand 2. commercial activity for interest should be sale. it isvague about meaning of commercial activity. inaccordance with the aim of muzarebah legislation andgeneral provision it seems we can extend the subject ofmuzarebah to all lega...

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Mobile banking is more easily and fast banking today, but its challenges to payments security system. Many organization or financial institutions are now incorporating mobile banking and financial services as a key component of their growth strategy, and use of the mobile phone to conduct banking and financial services tasks continues to rise among early adopters. Large number of security chall...

Over the past two decades, Germany experienced several periods of banking system instability rather than full-blown banking system crises. In this paper we introduce a continuous and forward-looking stability indicator for the banking system based on information on all financial institutions in Germany between 1995 and 2010. Explaining this measure by means of panel regression techniques, we id...

Theory makes ambiguous predictions about the relationship between market structure and competitiveness of the banking system and banking sector stability. Empirical studies focusing on individual countries provide similarly ambiguous results, while cross-country studies point mostly to a positive relationship between competition and stability in the banking system. Where liberalization and unfe...