Introduction: Pervasive beliefs regarding curricular reformand integration have flourished among medical students, facultymembers and medical school administrators. These conceptshave extensively impacted the reform process, sometimes byresisting the reforms and sometimes by diverting the curriculumfrom its planned objectives. In the current paper, we have tried toaddress the challenges of inte...

background: health is a national priority and it is always a duty of the government to establish a good and fair health system. the national heath care system reform program and evaluation of health system reform plan funding these programs were enforced by the honorable minister of health and medical education on may 5th, 2014. given the importance of this issue, the present study was conducte...

This paper explains how organizations other than schools and governing agencies affect the scope and pace of change in American education. In particular, the paper discusses a set of organizations operating in what can be called the school improvement “industry” in the United States, that is, a group of organizations providing schools and governing agencies with information, training, materials...

Exploiting variation in welfare reform across states and over time and using relevant comparison groups, this study estimates the effects of welfare reform on an important source of human capital acquisition among women at risk for relying on welfare: vocational education and training. The results suggest that welfare reform reduced enrollment in full-time vocational education and had no signif...

During the period 1960-1971 a major reform in the comprehensive school took place in Norway. We exploit the stage implementation of the reform as an instrument in estimating the returns to schooling. The reform allows us to study identical age cohorts of individuals going through two different school systems; one with seven years (old system), and one with nine years (new system) of compulsory ...

OBJECTIVE Interprofessionalism (IP) has emerged as a new movement in healthcare in response to workforce shortages, quality and safety issues and professional power dynamics. Stakeholders can push for IP (e.g. education providers to the health system) or pull (e.g. the health system to the education provider). Based on innovation theory, we hypothesized that there would be unequal forces within...

Reform for “Quality Education” has taken place in Mainland China since the issue of “Summary of Reform and Development of Education in China” (1993). Despite the government’s intention to take care of all students, foster all-round development and promote students’ active learning, gaining high grades in examination remains the goal of learning for most students. Among other factors, the qualit...