Information-theoretic alternatives to general method of moments (GMM) use over-identifying moments to estimate the data-generating distribution jointly with the parameters of interest. This paper demonstrates how these estimates can be interpreted when the sample is not a random draw from the population of interest. I make explicit the selection probability implied by the empirical likelihood a...

the relationship between economic growth and developments in the ‎financial sector has been one of the most discussed areas in economics ‎for a long time; and the direction of causality – whether financial ‎development causes economic growth or vice versa – is by no means a ‎settled issue.‎this paper investigates the short- run and long-run granger causality ‎between financial development and e...

Recent advances in the econometric modelling of count data have often been based on the generalized method of moments (GMM). However, the two-step GMM procedure may perform poorly in small samples, and several empirical likelihood-based estimators have been suggested alternatively. In this paper I discuss empirical likelihood (EL) estimation for count data models with endogenous regressors. I c...

This study investigates the moderating effect of firm size in the relationship between corporate governance (board size, board independence and ownership concentration) and banks’ risk-taking (insolvency risk and credit risk). Secondary data (annual reports) was collected from a sample of 21 Malaysian commercial banks covering the 2005–2014 accounting period. An empirical model using pooled ord...

Measurement error causes a downward bias when estimating a panel data linear regression model. The panel data context offers various opportunities to derive moment conditions that result in consistent GMM estimators. We consider three sources of moment conditions: (i) restrictions on the intertemporal covariance matrix of the errors in the equations, (ii) heteroskedasticity and nonlinearity in ...

This paper shows how to estimate models by the generalized method of moments and the generalized empirical likelihood using the R package gmm. A brief discussion is offered on the theoretical aspects of both methods and the functionality of the package is presented through several examples in economics and finance. It is a modified version of Chaussé (2010) published in the Journal of Statistic...

The reformulation of the median voter hypothesis and its testing proposed in Milanovic (2000) has been criticized from four different perspectives. The critiques are discussed and assessed. JEL classification: D31, E62