The syndrome of advanced heart failure is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Ideas about the reasons for the progressive nature of the heart failure syndrome have changed over the years, with the initial view that progression was principally due to pump failure (the 'haemodynamic' hypothesis), giving way to more modern views, which implicate neuro-endocrine activation (includ...

the verses of the qur’ān apparently talk about the six-day creation of the heavens and the earth but the new science views the process of the formation of heavenly bodies and the earth in a longer time span and does not approve the formation of the universe in a period of a few days. thus, many of the contemporary qur’ān researchers have withdrawn from the formalistic and generally accepted (ma...

We use longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study on money parent give to adult children over sixteen years. We study the scale of giving, regularity over time, and factors shaping it. Parents give $5,000 to children with the one-third of parents who give, averaging $14,000 over two years. There is persistence in giving declining with age and resulting in total gifts of $50,000 from...

Although linked historically by Rowan et al., the scientific study of animal sentience and political campaigns to improve welfare should be kept separate, for at least two reasons. First, separation makes it clear that standards evidence acceptable ethical or decisions on can lower than those required a rigorously approach sentience. Second, helps avoid confirmatory bias in form giving undue we...

In both individual and collective decision making, the space of alternatives from which the agent (or the group of agents) has to choose often has a combinatorial (or multi-attribute) structure. We give an introduction to preference handling in combinatorial domains in the context of collective decision making, and show that the considerable body of work on preference representation and elicita...

1. introduction khaghani shirvani is a well-known poet and one of the leading poets in the history of persian literature. all through his poetry books, there are numerous references to various scientific and technological terms that were popular at the time. in addition, the lyrics of khaghani abound with historical and religious allusions. his allusions to islamic and quranic narratives indica...