Given a simple graph G = (V,E), a subset S of the vertices is called a global defensive alliance if S is a dominating set and for every vertex v in S at least half of the vertices in the closed neighborhood of v are in S. Similarly, a subset S is called a global offensive alliance if S is a dominating set and for every vertex v not in S at least half of the vertices in the closed neighborhood o...

‎Let G be a graph‎. ‎A 2-rainbow dominating function (or‎ 2-RDF) of G is a function f from V(G)‎ ‎to the set of all subsets of the set {1,2}‎ ‎such that for a vertex v ∈ V (G) with f(v) = ∅, ‎the‎‎condition $bigcup_{uin N_{G}(v)}f(u)={1,2}$ is fulfilled‎, wher NG(v)  is the open neighborhood‎‎of v‎. ‎The weight of 2-RDF f of G is the value‎‎$omega (f):=sum _{vin V(G)}|f(v)|$‎. ‎The 2-rainbow‎‎d...

A Roman dominating function on a graph G is a function f : V (G) → {0, 1, 2} satisfying the condition that every vertex u for which f(u) = 0 is adjacent to at least one vertex v for which f(v) = 2. The weight of a Roman dominating function is the value f(V (G)) =

For a positive integer k, a total {k}-dominating function of a graph G without isolated vertices is a function f from the vertex set V (G) to the set {0, 1, 2, . . . , k} such that for any vertex v ∈ V (G), the condition ∑ u∈N(v) f(u) ≥ k is fulfilled, where N(v) is the open neighborhood of v. The weight of a total {k}-dominating function f is the value ω(f) = ∑ v∈V f(v). The total {k}-dominati...

Let $G$ be a simple graph with vertex set $V$. A double Roman dominating function (DRDF) on $G$ is a function $f:Vrightarrow{0,1,2,3}$ satisfying that if $f(v)=0$, then the vertex $v$ must be adjacent to at least two vertices assigned $2$ or one vertex assigned $3$ under $f$, whereas if $f(v)=1$, then the vertex $v$ must be adjacent to at least one vertex assigned $2$ or $3$. The weight of a DR...

We studied the renal function and the intrarenal blood flow of nine dogs whose thoracic inferior vena cava had been previously ligated (caval dogs) and nine other dogs. Following preparative surgery which included placement of a left atrial catheter, a femoral artery catheter, and bilateral ureteral catheters, the caval dogs gained an average of 2.1 kg of fluid weight, whereas the normal dogs g...

1 BACKGROUND Surgical correction of elongated labia minora (LM) is one of the most sought reconstructive procedures after plastic surgery.1,2 The illusion of simplicity of such operations and failure to observe important technical aspects often lead to total resection of the labia, causing suffering of patients and problems for operating doctor. In such cases, reconstructive surgery is the only...

Limited dominating broadcasts were proposed as a variant of dominating broadcasts, where the broadcast function is upper bounded. As a natural extension of domination, we consider dominating 2-broadcasts along with the associated parameter, the dominating 2-broadcast number. We prove that computing the dominating 2-broadcast number is a NP-complete problem, but can be achieved in linear time fo...

Given a graph G together with a capacity function c : V (G) → N, we call S ⊆ V (G) a capacitated dominating set if there exists a mapping f : (V (G) \ S) → S which maps every vertex in (V (G) \S) to one of its neighbors such that the total number of vertices mapped by f to any vertex v ∈ S does not exceed c(v). In the Planar Capacitated Dominating Set problem we are given a planar graph G, a ca...