HIV incidence in Kazakhstan increased by 73% between 2010 and 2020, with an estimated 35,000 people living (PLHIV) 2020. The development of antiretroviral drug resistance is a major threat to effective therapy (ART), yet studies on the prevalence are sparse. In this study molecular epidemiology Kazakhstan, we analyzed 968 partial HIV-1 pol sequences that were collected 2017 2020 from PLHIV acro...

the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of quenching and tempering temperatures on themicrostructure, mechanical properties and the wear characteristics of medium carbon-high chromium wear resistantsteel. in addition, the dominant wear mechanisms were studied. for this purpose, austenitizing and temperingtemperatures were selected in the ranges of 900- 1000 °c and 300- 500 °c...

The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella has been developed resistance to many groups of pesticides including of pyrethroids. The present study was conducted to evaluate the toxicity of deltamethrin on the third instar larvae of six populations of the pest using leaf dipping method. The results showed that different populations had different susceptibilities to deltamethrin. At the LC50 level,...