We discuss the counting of Nambu-Goldstone (NG) modes associated with spontaneous breaking higher-form global symmetries. Effective field theories NG are developed based on symmetry-breaking patterns, using a generalized coset construction for derive formula number gapless modes, which involves expectation values commutators conserved charges, possibly different degrees.

As part of the research on thermal noise reduction in gravitational-wave detectors, we experimentally demonstrate conversion a fundamental ${\mathrm{TEM}}_{00}$ laser mode at 1064 nm to higher-order Hermite-Gaussian modes (HG) arbitrary order via commercially available liquid crystal spatial light modulator. We particularly studied ${\mathrm{HG}}_{5,5}/{\mathrm{HG}}_{10,10}/{\mathrm{HG}}_{15,15...

In this paper, the Ritz method has been employed to analyze the free in-plane vibration of heterogeneous (non-uniform) rectangular nanoplates corresponding to Eringen’s nonlocal elasticity theory. The non-uniformity is taken into account using combinations of linear and quadratic forms in the thickness, material density and Young’s modulus. Two-dimensional boundary characteristic orthogonal pol...

An ultra-wide band band-pass filter using novel spiral stub-loaded triple-mode resonator (SSLTMR) is presented. New spiral stub loaded resonator is analyzed with odd and even modes analysis for this class of BPF, achieving higher band wide and size reduction. In order to have a good response characterized, two (SSL-TMRs) and two quarter wavelength digital coupled lines are used. This new design...

Primordial black holes (PBHs) may form from the collapse of matter overdensities shortly after big bang. One identify their existence by observing gravitational wave (GW) emissions merging PBH binaries at high redshifts $z\ensuremath{\gtrsim}30$, where astrophysical binary (BBHs) are unlikely to merge. The next-generation ground-based GW detectors, Cosmic Explorer and Einstein Telescope, will b...