CONTEXT Despite the high morbidity associated with bipolar disorder (BP), few studies have prospectively studied the course of this illness in youth. OBJECTIVE To assess the longitudinal course of BP spectrum disorders (BP-I, BP-II, and not otherwise specified [BP-NOS]) in children and adolescents. DESIGN Subjects were interviewed, on average, every 9 months for an average of 2 years using ...

The nitric oxide (NO) synthases (NOSs) system consists of three different isoforms, including neuronal (nNOS), inducible (iNOS), and endothelial NOSs (eNOS). The roles of NO in vivo have been extensively investigated in pharmacological studies with NOS inhibitors and in studies with mice lacking each NOS isoform. However, in the pharmacological studies, the specificity of NOS inhibitors continu...

Nitric-oxide synthases (NOS, EC 1.14.13.39) are hemeproteins that catalyze oxidation of L-arginine to NOz and L-citrulline. Three main isozymes exist in mammals that are regulated by distinct genes (1–6): a constitutive neuronal NOS (nNOS or NOS I), (7, 8), an endotoxinand cytokine-inducible NOS (iNOS or NOS II) (9, 10), and a constitutive endothelial NOS (eNOS or NOS III) (11). Although NOS ha...

Nitric oxide (NO), the smallest signalling molecule known, is produced by three isoforms of NO synthase (NOS; EC 1.14.13.39). They all utilize l-arginine and molecular oxygen as substrates and require the cofactors reduced nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), flavin mononucleotide (FMN), and (6R-)5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)). All NOS bin...

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether L-Arginine (L-Arg) supplementation modifies nitric oxide (NO) system and consequently aquaporin-2 (AQP2) expression in the renal outer medulla of streptozotocin-diabetic rats at an early time point after induction of diabetes. Male Wistar rats were divided in four groups: Control, Diabetic, Diabetic treated with L-Arginine and Control treated with L...

Fig. 8. Electrophoretic patterns of oxyhaemoglobins. All experiments, with the exception of nos. 13-15, in phosphate, pH 8; I, 0*05; 14 V./cm. Nos. 1 and 2 ascending and descending patterns of rabbit HbO2, concentration = 1-35 g./100 ml., after 430 and 435 min. Nos. 3-15 patterns of mixtures 1:1 of hubman and rabbit HbO2. Left, ascending limb; right, descending limb. Nos. 3 and 4 =Exp. 1 ofTabl...

The expression of type I GNRH receptor (GNRHR-I) and the direct role of GNRH-I on corpora lutea (CL) function were studied in the pseudopregnant rabbit model. Immunohistochemistry evidenced GNRHR-I and GNRH-I in luteal cells at early (day 4 pseudopregnancy)-, mid (day 9)-, and late (day 13)-luteal stages. Real-time RT-PCR and western blotting revealed GNRHR-I mRNA and protein at the three lutea...

7-Nitro i n d a z o l e (7-NI), w h i c h is se lec t ive for t h e n e u r o n a l i s o f o r m of n i t r i c ox ide s y n t h a s e (NOS), was t e s t ed in a pass ive a v o i d a n c e task in t he ch ick . I n j ec t i on o f 50 m g / k g i.p. p r e t r a i n i n g h a d a m n e s i c effects for t he task w h e n t e s t ed 30 m i n , 2 o r 24 h r af ter t r a in ing . I n j ec t i ons p...

Garlic (Alliwn sarivum L . ) is thought to decrease blood pressure, inhibit platelet aggregation, reduce blood fat and cholesterol as well as possessing antibacterial and antifungal properties [I] . The main active agents in garlic extracts are allicin and ajoene, but several other chemicals have been isolated and studied [2,3]. Nitric oxide (NO) is linked to hypertension [4] and the relevant p...

AIM To investigate RBC-NOS dependent NO signaling during in vivo RBC aging in health and disease. METHOD RBC from fifteen healthy volunteers (HC) and four patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) were separated in seven subpopulations by Percoll density gradient centrifugation. RESULTS The proportion of old RBC was significantly higher in DM compared to HC. In both groups, in vivo aging ...