Presently, the simulated Delay Doppler Maps (DDMs) of oil slicked sea are limited to simplified scenarios which have the elevation angle of 90◦ (nadir reflection). In this paper, the detailed simulation process to generate GNSS-R DDMs of oil slicked sea surfaces under general scenarios is presented. The DDM of oil slicked sea surface under general scenarios are generated by combining the meansq...

Abstract. After more than 10 years in orbit, the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) European mission is still a unique, high-quality instrument for providing soil moisture over land sea surface salinity (SSS) oceans. At Barcelona Expert Center (BEC), new reprocessing of 9 (2011–2019) global SMOS SSS maps has been generated. This work presents algorithms used generation BEC product v2.0, as...

Article history: Received 2 February 2006 Received in revised form 8 May 2006 Accepted 20 May 2006 The exact area calculation of irregularly distributed data is in the focus of all territorial geochemical balancingmethods or definition of protection zones. Especially in the deep-sea environment the interpolation ofmeasurements into surfaces represents an important gain of information, because o...

The Australian Great Barrier Reef (GBR) experienced its most intensive and extensive coral bleaching event on record in early 1998 [1]. This period also saw extensive damage to other reefs around the globe. There is concern among environmental scientists and GBR-based industries, especially tourism, that widespread death and bleaching of corals caused by extremely high temperatures during 1997-...

Signals from Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) were originally conceived for position and speed determination, but they can be used as signals of opportunity as well. The reflection process over a given surface modifies the properties of the scattered signal, and therefore, by processing the reflected signal, relevant geophysical data regarding the surface under study (land, sea, ice…)...

In this paper, the main goal is to reduce the heave motion between a surface effect ship (SES) and a wind turbine in order to safely transfer equipment and person to SES. For this purpose, an LQR control system is designed to damp the vertical motion of the surface effect ship in critical sea states including high-frequency and high amplitude regular waves as well as high frequency irregular wa...

the aim of this study is to assess some synoptic characteristics of heavy precipitations in southwestern parts of iran and evaluate the relationship between them with the madden-julian oscillation (mjo). research is conducted with regard to distribution of precipitation per month and identifying their steam sources. daily records of the november-april precipitation data in abadan, ahwaz, bandar...

A statistical analysis of Baltic Sea upwelling has been carried out to cover, for the first time, the entire sea area for the period 1990–2009. Weekly composite SST maps based on NOAA/AVHRR satellite data were used to evaluate the location and frequency of upwelling. The results obtained were analysed and compared with earlier studies with excellent agreement. Our study enables the most intense...