Polythiophenes are of considerable interest as synthetic metals. The optical properties of polythiophenes can be easily affected by alkyl chain or other side groups to the thiophene ring. The effect of polymerization degree on the energy gap was studied in the case of polythiophene as a conjugated polymer at B3LYP/6-31+G(3d,3p) level of theory. Up to n = 16 could be confident that this degree o...

barrier properties are one of the most important factors in the edible film. in this study, edible mungbean films were prepared containing (0%, 15%, 30%, 45%) concentrations of rosemary aqueous extract. then the effect of rosemary was investigated on colorimetric and barrier properties (water vapor permeability, oxygen permeability). rosemary extract increased the absorption of color in the vis...

in the past decades, environmental pollution caused by plastic packing materials, restrictions of petroleum resources and their high price attracted many researchers to produce biodegradable packaging materials. poor mechanic properties and high water vapor permeability are two main defects of biodegradable polymers. nanotechnology is a modification method in this case. in the current study, th...

The forgotten topological index is defined as sum of third power of degrees. In this paper, we compute some properties of forgotten index and then we determine it for some classes of product graphs.