Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) microarrays can simultaneously quantify the levels of multiple diagnostic targets in a biological sample. However, as with traditional ELISA diagnostics, endogenous antibodies in patient sera can cause interference. We demonstrate here that reducing the diagnostic capture antibody to its minimal functional unit (i.e., a single-chain antibody fr...

BACKGROUND Small molecules classified as haptens are generally measured by competitive immunoassay, which is theoretically inferior to noncompetitive sandwich immunoassay in terms of sensitivity and specificity. We created a method for developing sandwich immunoassays to measure haptens on the basis of antimetatype antibodies. METHODS We generated antimetatype monoclonal antibodies against a ...

AIM To develop a highly sensitive and specific enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system for analysis of p53 protein in cancer lysates. METHODS The anti-p53 monoclonal antibodies DO7, 1801, BP53.12, and 421, and anti-p53 polyclonal antiserum CM1 were assessed by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis to identify those most suitable for determining p53 status of cancer cells. An...

Rheumatoid factor (RF) is a major source of interference in many immunoassays. Most immunoassays use mammalian polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies, and RF can react with IgG from mammalian species, thus causing false-positive results. In this work we have studied RF interference in a sandwich ELISA, where RF in the sample may react with both the capture antibody and the detection antibody to gi...

Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease causing abortion, stillbirths and loss of milk production in livestock resulting huge economic losses. cattle has been under-reported under-diagnosed India due to non-specific symptoms, complex laboratory tests, fastidious nature bacterium lack proper diagnostic facilities. Scanty data pertaining epidemiological status leptospirosis avai...

An IgM murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) was obtained against the excretory-secretory antigen (ES-Ag) of in vitro reared protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus (Batsch, 1786). Western blotting revealed that the MAb recognised a 20.6 kDa protein of this ES-Ag. The MAb was used in sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (s-ELISA) for selective sensitisation of the solid phase with the protosc...

indirect plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was standardized and evaluated for its effectivenessin immunodiagnosis of haemonchosis in experimental and clinical cases in sheep by using somatic wholeadult antigen of h. contortus. plate elisa was standardized using 5 μg/well antigen concentration with1:100 and 1:1000 of sera and conjugate dilution. indirect plate elisa was able to demonstrate...

Modulation of lacrimal acinar cell tear secretion may involve multiple factors acting both in subtle and pronounced ways. Functional screens of recombinant protein products arising from gene array technologies, or protein fractions derived from lacrimal conditioned media or extracellular matrix, will require a highly sensitive assay capable of monitoring tear protein secretion by small replicat...