Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease which is correlated with increasing inflammatory factors, demyelination and axonal loss. In this auto-immune disease, Neuroinflammation is mediated by different types of T cells with macrophage/microglial activation and B cells involvement that interact in a collaborative manner. Focal inflammation is the main cause for the onset of relapses and coul...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that inflammation, demyelination, oligodendrocyte loss, gliosis, axonal injury and neurodegeneration are the main histopathological hallmarks of the disease. Although MS was classically thought as a demyelinating disease, but axonal injury occurs commonly in acute inflammatory lesions. In MS mi...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is a complex disease which is correlated with increasing inflammatory factors, demyelination and axonal loss. in this auto-immune disease, neuroinflammation is mediated by different types of t cells with macrophage/microglial activation and b cells involvement that interact in a collaborative manner. focal inflammation is the main cause for the onset of relapses and coul...

Acute neutrophilic dermatosis, first described in 1964 by Robert Douglas Sweet, is characterized by sudden onset fever, neutrophilic leukocytosis, and well demarcated erythematous papules, nodules, and plaques with dense neutrophilic infiltrates on histologic evaluation.Here is a report of a 7-year-old girl who presented with high grade fever, and discrete erythematous papular skin eruptions, w...

Introduction: Isolated sphenoid sinus inflammatory diseases (ISSIDs) are responsible for about 75% of isolated sphenoid sinus opacifications. Computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should be used in a complementary manner for the assessment of ISSIDs. This evaluation sheds some light on the extent of disease and intracranial and intra-orbital involvement. ...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that inflammation, demyelination, oligodendrocyte loss, gliosis, axonal injury and neurodegeneration are the main histopathological hallmarks of the disease. although ms was classically thought as a demyelinating disease, but axonal injury occurs commonly in acute inflammatory lesions. in ms mi...

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease unclassified (IBDU) is considered to be an aberrant immune response with loss of tolerance to many antigens. Objective: This paper tries to address whether there is any value to test for auto-antibodies in such patients. Methods: 60 patients with inflammatory bowel disease unclassified participated in the study. Auto-antibodies to nuclear antigen, intestin...

Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation that causes the loss of immune tolerance leading to bizarre inflammatory signals and disruption of mucosal barriers. Environmental triggers and interaction of genetic determinants also play an indispensible role. In this case report, we present a pre-pubertal girl with intermittent and refra...