In the past eight years, English Premier League football has become increasingly commercial, and there has been a consequent growth in the importance of club marketing. The Internet and cybermarketing have simultaneously developed as commercial phenomena over

Objectives-To determine by survey whether the frequency of use of performance enhancing drugs (drug doping) is significant in elite players of Australian Rules football, and to compare this frequency with that in other competitions. Methods-Randomised unannounced prospective urine testing during the period 1990-95 of players from the Australian Football League out of competition, in competition...

This paper defends the use of evolutionary algorithms to generate (and evolve) strategies that manage the behavior of a team in simulated football videogames. The chosen framework to develop the experiments is Robocup, an internatonal project that promotes the use of Artificial Intelligence in socially significant areas. One of these areas is related to computer games in the form of a simulated...

China football league has started the professional reforms since 1994, but so far the operation of many domestic professional football clubs has been more and more difficult. Only a few clubs can survive and the vast majority of club investors are changed frequently, including normal transferring, normal capital operation, even being dissolved because of hardships. As for the reasons, the club'...

OBJECTIVES To determine if doctors providing medical care at Scottish football stadiums meet the standards recommended by the Gibson Report. METHODS A postal questionnaire and telephone follow up of doctors involved with the 40 Scottish League teams. RESULTS 47% of the doctors had not attended any relevant resuscitation courses and 72% had no training in major incident management. CONCLUS...

In his paper "English Football and Its Hong Kong Television Audience," Victor Fan applies Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's thought in their Kafka. Pour une littérature mineure to map the relationship between the English Premier League of football (soccer) and its Hong Kong television audience/spectatorship. Fan first introduces the background of the English Premier League in relation to its ...

We present an analytical modeling of soccer football, and formulas to measure the average occurrence of plays per minute and the efficiency of a player in each playing position are proposed . Using data from the Spanish League on the occurrence of plays per player, we validate the proposed formulas. The correct sequence of moves is by means of the transition function of a finite automaton to so...

1 Leeds Beckett University, Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds, United Kingdom. 2 Leeds Rhinos Rugby League Club, Leeds, United Kingdom. 3 Yorkshire Carnegie Rugby Club, Leeds, United Kingdom. 4 The Rugby Football League, Leeds, United Kingdom. . Authors submitted their contribution to the article to the editorial board. Accepted for printing in the Journal of Human Kinet...