Technology transactions, such as licensing and R&D based alliances, have been growing rapidly in recent years. Even as technology licensing has grown, so has patenting. Both trends foreshadow possibly profound changes in firms’ strategy. In this paper, we develop a simple structural model in which both patenting and licensing are jointly determined by factors such as patent effectiveness, the p...

University patenting has been drawing attention of researchers studying universityindustry relations, technology transfer mechanisms, changing research motives of the academe and consequences on their scientific performance. This study aims to develop a methodology for comprehensive analysis of university patents as the milestone of commercialization process of scientific knowledge produced by ...

Commercialization within the academic setting is associated with many challenges and barriers. Previous studies investigating these challenges/barriers have, in general, broadly focused on multiple disciplines and, oftentimes, several institutions simultaneously. The goal of the study presented here was to analyze a range of barriers that may be broadly associated with commercializing academic-...

One of the core objectives of responsible research and innovation (RRI) is to maximize the value of publicly funded research so that it may be returned to benefit society. However, while RRI encourages innovation through societal engagement, it can give rise to complex and previously untested issues that challenge the existing legal frameworks on intellectual property (IP) and public entitlemen...

This paper studies the effect of business partners on the commercialization of invention-based ventures, and it assesses the relative importance of partners’ human and social capital on commercialization outcomes. Projects run by partnerships were five times more likely to reach commercialization, and they had mean revenues approximately ten times greater than projects run by solo-entrepreneurs...

Biosensors are analytical devices, which use biological interactions to provide either qualitative or quantitative results. They are extensively employed in many fields such as clinical diagnosis and biomedicine, military applications, anti-terrorism, farm, garden and veterinary analysis, process control, fermentation control and analysis, pharmaceutical and drug analysis, food and drink produc...

In this paper1 we first specify the terms and conditions for the commercialization of intangible goods, and namely digital documents, defining a mapping between the commercialization terms of the tangible good (printed information) to the commercialization terms of the intangible good (digital document). The meaning and limits of purchasing, accessing, redistributing, copying, preserving user a...