Temperature variation is an important factor determining the outcomes of interspecific interactions, including those involving hosts and parasites. This can apply to variation in average temperature or to relatively short but intense bouts of extreme temperature. We investigated the effect of heat shock on the ability of aphids (Aphis fabae) harbouring protective facultative endosymbionts (Hami...

There is growing interest in biological control as a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to control pest insects. Aphids are among the most detrimental agricultural pests worldwide, and parasitoid wasps are frequently employed for their control. The use of asexual parasitoids may improve the effectiveness of biological control because only females kill hosts and because asexual populat...

15 evaluate the correction term for each triple in the left side of table 1, but for brevity of exposition we will evaluate this term only for a sample of each class (T 2 and T 4).

The double lepton pair decay modes of the KL meson are analyzed including all contributions of order p in Chiral Perturbation Theory. The experimentally established eeee mode and the recently observed eeμμ mode are discussed in detail. Typeset using REVTEX 0 In this note we reconsider the double lepton pair decays KL → llll that were studied many years ago by Miyazaki and Takasugi [1]. The two ...

understanding of parameters that influence parasitoids fitness is necessary for mass rearing and effective use of parasitoids. host quality is an intrinsic feature that is determined by quantitative and qualitative differences in hosts. these differences can change nutritional resources available and consequently affect life history traits of parasitoid. in this study, parasitoid wasps lysiphle...