Fish assemblages play a key role in stream ecosystems, and play a crucial role in the assessment of stream health. Physical habitat is a key component of stream ecosystems and plays a major role in determining biotic assemblages and stream integrity. There is increasing recognition of the role landscape factors play in determining biotic assemblages and stream integrity. Landscapes in Iowa and ...

1. Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, New York 10964, U.S.A., [email protected] 2. U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA 94025, U.S.A., [email protected] 3. University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, U.S.A., [email protected] 4. Present address: Institute for Botany and Landscape Ecology, University Greifswald, Grimmer Strasse 88, Greifswald 17487, Germany, wilmking@uni-greifsw...

Cognitive ecology is a term that has been used in environments that are more tightly coupled and purposespecific than environments of everyday life. In this paper I consider cases from a cognitive ethnography of older adults. These cases show the analytical use of understanding the diachronic and synchronic cognitive ecology in which cognitive processes of everyday life occur. Specifically I di...

Natural ecosystems can show regular spatial vegetation patterns, which develop from small-scale ecological interactions. Some studies suggest that grazers can play a major role in controlling vegetation distribution in ecosystems with regular vegetation patterns, but the distribution of grazers and the effects of grazing on vegetation in spatially patterned ecosystems remains poorly understood....

A major objective of ecology is to understand how ecological processes limit population connectivity and species' distributions. By spatially quantifying ecological components driving functional connectivity, we can understand why some locally suitable habitats are unoccupied, resulting in observed discontinuities in distribution. However, estimating connectivity may be difficult due to populat...

Background: The road to respond to the needs of today's modern world, affected by the advancement of technological tools, seeks to increase speed and increasing safety. This study seeks to improve the landscape quality of roads, explains the effective criteria in road design and the need to pay attention to the category of design ethics and emphasizes them. Conclusion: In order to increase the...

the notion of sustainable development has rapidly gained considerable attention since the lastdecades of the twentieth century. it has become a locus for global paradigm shift on environment and development issues particularly after rio conference in 1992. the comparative analysis of agenda 21 and major un documents, mdg, and rio+20 as well as some major sources are made to provide a context fo...

Adverse changes in rangeland vegetation can be considered as one of the criteria for land degradation. Some of these changes can be evaluated through monitoring the spatial changes of landscape parameters. This study aimed to investigate the landscape changes in Kezab rangelands of Yazd province, central Iran. Landsat satellite images of 1990, 2002, and 2013, and landscape metrics including Tot...