First, the biases of language pedagogy reflect the biases of much of modern linguistics. Phonology and syntax form patterns that linguists find appealing, and it has been tempting to apply our expanding theoretical knowledge of these topics to practical language teaching. The lexicon, by comparison, seems to form a relatively disorganized heap that is resistant to orderly patterning. Linguistic...

Since ‘the development of whole person’ was brought to the focus of attention by humanist psychologists as a central concern in educational theory, affective variables have been assumed to have a significant share in the learning process that goes on in a pedagogical setting. Meanwhile, the process of second language development, because of the very nature of language as a vehicle for communica...

once severely rejected, first language (l1) use is no more considered to be inherently detrimental in foreign language pedagogy. recent research within sociocultural framework has come up with numerous facilitative roles for l1 use (anton and dicamilla, 1999; swain and lapkin, 2000; storch and wigglesworth, 2003). also, studies from humanistic perspectives that deal with the teachers’ and learn...

For a Virtual Learning Environment a Digital Pedagogy is required, otherwise learning will be the same as usual with the only difference being, that reading and writing will be on the computer, and therefore the opportunity to use the Computer Science and Technology to empower the student’s learning is lost. The Digital Pedagogy needs to be Multi-Referential, which means that different knowledg...

Due to the growing emphasis of modern language pedagogy on meaningfulcommunication, L2 willingness to communicate (WTC) has recently become animportant concept in second language learning and communication. The presentstudy investigated the effects of individual differences on Iranian EFLlearners' willingness to communicate. As many as 431 students who were learningEnglish as a foreign language...