We addressed the question: Is there evidence that allelic variation in a single unmeasured gene that has a large effect on maximal activity of erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransport (Na-Li CNT) also has pleiotropic effects on variation in plasma triglyceride levels? Complex segregation analysis models that included plasma triglyceride levels as a covariate were considered as explanations f...

Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) is a serine/threonine kinase that requires two cofactor Mg(2+) ions for catalysis in regulating many important cellular signals. Experimentally, Li(+) is a competitive inhibitor of GSK3β relative to Mg(2+), while this mechanism is not experienced with other group I metal ions. Herein, we use native Mg(2)(2+)-Mg(1)(2+) GSK3β and its Mg(2)(2+)-M(1)(+) (M = Li, ...

Sodium transport of erythrocytes from normotensive and essential hypertensive subjects was evaluated by determining ouabain-sensitive and ouabain-insensitive sodium efflux rates, Na+-Li+ countertransport rates, Li+-K+ cotransport rate constants (lithium replacing sodium), intracellular sodium concentrations, and the number of Na+,K+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) sites per erythrocyte. Subje...

Ouabain-resistant Na and Li effluxes in erythrocytes from 18 normal subjects and 19 hypertensive subjects were studied in fresh cells that contained about 9 mmol Li and 2.5 or 6.5 mmol Na per liter of erythrocytes after intact cells had been incubated for 5 hours in 110 mM Li, 40 mM Na medium, with or without ouabain 10(-4) M. Outward Na cotransport was estimated at both internal Na concentrati...

The behavior of individual Na channels in the apical membrane of the rat cortical collecting tubule (CCT) was studied at different concentrations of the permeant ions Na and Li. Tubules were opened to expose their luminal surfaces and bathed in K-gluconate medium to minimize tubule-to-tubule variation in cell membrane potential and intracellular Na concentration. The patch-clamp technique was u...

The effects of Na-free Li solution on the electrical and mechanical activities were examined in a bullfrog's ventricular strip. The action potential showed a triphasic change during Na-free perfusion: the initial decrease in the overshoot and duration, the secondary restoration and the gradual decrease in the membrane potential. The twitch contraction also changed in a triphasic manner: the ini...

1. The maximal rate of activity of sodium extrusion by the sodium pump, Na+--K+ outward cotransport, passive permeability to sodium and potassium, Na+--Li+ countertransport, and passive permeability to lithium were measured in 45 essential hypertensive patients, 24 young normotensive subjects with at least one hypertensive parent and 24 normotensive subjects with both parents normotensive. 2. T...

Iron vanadium sulfide (FeV2S4) was synthesized via a high temperature solid state reaction and was investigated as a cheap anode material for Na and Li ion batteries. Discharge capacities as high as 723 mA h g(-1) (Na) and 890 mA h g(-1) (Li) were found for half-cell measurements at room temperature. The capacity of the Na-FeV2S4 system remained constant at 529 mA h g(-1) after the 10th cycle w...

Swelling-activated [K-Cl] cotransport and shrinkage-activated Na/H exchange were studied in dog red cells with altered internal Mg or Li content. The two pathways responded in a coordinated fashion. When cells were depleted of Mg, [K-Cl] cotransport was stimulated and Na/H exchange was inhibited. Raising internal Mg had the opposite effect: [K-Cl] cotransport was inhibited and Na/H exchange was...

DFT calculations were used to investigate adsorptionof  F-, Cl-, Li+ and Na+ ions on the exterior surface of Mg12O12 nanocage in the gas phase and water media. The most favorite position for adsorption of the studied anions and cations are atop of Mg and O atoms of Mg12O12, respectively. The strongest intera...