A low-dose protective apoptosis-mediated (PAM) process is discussed that appears to be turned on by low-dose gamma and X rays but not by low-dose alpha radiation. PAM is a bystander effect that involves cross-talk between genomically compromised [e.g., mutants, neoplastically transformed, micronucleated] cells and nongenomically compromised cells. A novel neoplastic cell transformation model, N...

The murine B-cell lymphoma 38C13 model was used to study the radiobiological effect of 13ll-monoclonal antibody (MAB) therapy com pared with dose equivalent external beam irradiation. Continuous expo nentially decreasing low dose rate (LDR) -y-irradiation, and multiply fractionated (MF) \-irradiation were compared with dose equivalent I31IMAH. The relative therapeutic efficacy of radioimmunothe...

The murine B-cell lymphoma 38C13 model was used to study the radiobiological effect of 131I-monoclonal antibody (MAB) therapy compared with dose equivalent external beam irradiation. Continuous exponentially decreasing low dose rate (LDR) gamma-irradiation, and multiply fractionated (MF) X-irradiation were compared with dose equivalent 131I-MAB. The relative therapeutic efficacy of radioimmunot...

MRL-lpr/lpr mice carry a deletion in the apoptosis-regulating Fas gene that markedly shortens life due to multiple severe diseases. In our previous study (Radiat. Res. 161, 168- 173, 2004), chronic low-dose-rate gamma irradiation of mice at 0.35 or 1.2 mGy/h for 5 weeks markedly prolonged the life span, accompanied by immunological activation. This report shows that extension of the irradiation...

Effects of low-dose-rate gamma-irradiation on the process of tumorigenesis were investigated in mice treated with a carcinogenic agent or irradiated with high dose X-rays at a high dose rate. A prolonged gamma irradiation at approximately 1 mGy/hr suppressed the appearance of skin tumors induced by methylcholanthrene and delayed the appearance of radiation-induced thymic lymphomas in C57BL/6 mi...

Background: Numerous unique characteristics of the nanosized gold, including high atomic number, low toxicity, and high biocompatibility make it one of the most appropriate nanostructures to boost radiotherapy efficacy. Many in-vivo and in-vitro investigations have indicated that gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can significantly increase tumor injuries in low kilovoltage radiotherapy. While deep-lyi...

Low-dose irradiation induces various stimulating effects, especially activation of the biological defense system including antioxidative and immune functions. Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause cell damage and death and can induce many types of diseases. This paper reviews new insights into inhibition of ROS-related diseases with low-dose irradiation or radon in...

In the past, most mechanistic studies of ionizing radiation response have employed very large doses, then extrapolated the results down to doses relevant to human exposure. It is becoming increasingly apparent, however, that this does not give an accurate or complete picture of the effects of most environmental exposures, which tend to be of low dose and protracted over time. We have initiated ...

Case Report: A 78-year-old male with relapsed Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia following therapy with chlorambucil underwent a five-week course of TBI. The total dose delivered was 1.5 Gy, given as 0.15 Gy twice weekly for ten sessions. During the course of therapy his CD4 cells increased from 637 (cells/mm3) to 808 partly through treatment and then declined to 654 at the completion of therapy. ...

BACKGROUND Radiotherapy is used routinely to treat testicular cancer. Testicular cells vary in radio-sensitivity and the aim of this study was to investigate cellular and molecular changes caused by low dose irradiation of mice testis and to identify transcripts from different cell types in the adult testis. METHODS Transcriptome profiling was performed on total RNA from testes sampled at var...