To assess changes of gonad development and sex steroids hormones of R. frisii kutum, broodfish were captured during spawning season 2010 (March-April) and induced intramuscularly with following hormone treatments: single injections of 1 μg kg b.w. LHRH-A2, combination of LHRH-A2 with two dopamine antagonists as follows: 1 μg kg b.w. LHRH-A2 + 5 mg kg-1 b.w. PIM, 1 μg kg b.w. LHRH-A2 + 2.5 mg kg...

spatial organizations of each region are evolved through the activity of its settlement network. the formation procedure of settlement network is affected by the natural environment, social and economical structure, political and historical events. natural environment, social and economical structure of the city of talesh, have not permitted the permanent settlement and urbanism in this region....

the purpose of the present study was to determine the acute toxicity (lc 50 ) of hgcl 2 and cuso 4 in caspian roach ( rutilus caspicus ) and cuso 4 in caspian kutum ( rutilus kutum ). the caspian roach lc 50 values for hgcl 2 at 24, 48, 72, and 96-hrs of exposure, were 0.64, 0.61, 0.42, and 0.28 mg l -1 , respectively, and for cuso 4 were 11.55, 5.08, 2.49, and 1.47 mg l -1 , respectively. the ...

To study the effects of post-stripping oocyte ageing at low temperatures on the viability of kutum (Rutilus kutum) oocytes, unfertilised eggs of five females were stored in ovarian fluid at temperatures of 4 and 7 degree centigrade for 24 hours post stripping (HPS). The stored ova of five female kutum were separately fertilised at 0 (i.e., control eggs fertilised prior to storage), 4, 8, 12, 16...

The electronic market hypothesis (EMH) predicts that by reducing coordination costs, information technology (IT) will shift industrial organization from hierarchical to market-based forms of economic activity. While academic researchers and practitioners have witnessed these shifts with the advent of the Internet, there is little understanding about the process and the underlying forces that dr...

Much of the early research in electronic markets suggested that the proliferation of ecommerce would ultimately threaten the presence of intermediaries in electronic value chains. However, a careful analysis of the structure and functions of electronic marketplaces indicates that intermediaries provide many value-adding functions that cannot be easily substituted or ‘internalised’ through direc...

We examine the relative and complementary effectiveness of trust-building strategies in online environments. While prior research has examined various antecedents to trust, we investigated two trust-building mechanisms more in depth: Web site trust and vendor reputation. We tried to understand the relative effectiveness of these two important mechanisms to provide online businesses with a clear...

European businesses today are showing a significant interest in the concept of business process redesign, not in the least because its advocates promise a dramatic decrease in costs and a similar increase in sales. Since information and communication technology seem to play enabling roles, one can expect electronic markets to be significantly contributing to the effects of business process rede...

Previous research indicated that the performance of interorganizational processes in electronic markets and hierarchies is influenced by eight factors: stakeholders, competition, information technology, market network (re)design, risk, process (re)design, information, and trust. This paper focuses on the inter-organizational processes related to the settlement (clearing) of cross border Euro pa...