To elucidate potential dose-dependent mechanisms associated with wood smoke inhalation injury, the present study evaluated antioxidant status and the extent of pulmonary injury in sheep after graded exposure to smoke. Adult, male sheep (n=4-5 per group) were anesthetized and received 0, 5, 10 or 16 units of cooled western pine bark smoke, corresponding to 0, 175, 350 and 560 s, respectively, of...

...............................................................................................................................VII Thesis composition...............................................................................................................XI Acknowledgements........................................................................................................... XIII List ...

Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is an intracellular enzyme specifically degrading cAMP, a second messenger exerting inhibitory effects on many inflammatory cells. To investigate whether GPD-1116 (a PDE4 inhibitor) prevents murine lungs from developing cigarette smoke-induced emphysema, the senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM) P1 strain was exposed to either fresh air or cigarette smoke for 8 wk with o...

Worldwide tobacco smoking kills nearly 6 million people each year, including more than 600,000 non-smokers who die from smoke exposure. Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS, also called secondhand smoke, involuntary smoke, or passive smoke) is the combination of sidestream smoke, the smoke given off by a burning tobacco product and mainstream smoke, the smoke exhaled by smokers. People may be expos...

OBJECTIVE To determine if the belief that thirdhand smoke is harmful to children is associated with smoking parents' attitudes, home or car smoking policies, and quitting behaviors. METHODS Data from a national randomized controlled trial, Clinical Effort Against Secondhand Smoke Exposure, assessed thirdhand smoke beliefs of 1947 smoking parents in an exit survey after a pediatric office visi...

The chemical composition of tobacco smoke has been extensively examined, and the presence of known and suspected carcinogens in such smoke has contributed to the link between tobacco smoking and adverse health effects. The consumption of marijuana through smoking remains a reality and, among youth, seems to be increasing. There have been only limited examinations of marijuana smoke, including f...

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) produces a daily satellite based smoke and fire analysis for the US. The capability to specify smoke concentration levels and to identify the start time, duration and areal extent of a particular fire which is producing smoke emissions has recently been added. Smoke concentration values are obtained from visual inspection of animated Ge...

Cigarette smoking in men has been associated with increased chromosomal abnormalities in sperm and with increased risks for spontaneous abortions, birth defects and neonatal death. Little is known, however, about the reproductive consequences of paternal exposure to second-hand smoke. We used a mouse model to investigate the effects of paternal exposure to sidestream (SS) smoke, the main consti...

The contents of cigarette smoke (gaseous and solid phases) have been attributed to a variety of diseases in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems and have been associated with development of different types of cancers. In respiratory system, these compounds specially cause epithelial cell injury, and interfere with mucocilliary transport (MTC). Various parts of Althea officinalis (family M...