The main objective of this tutorial is to present the basic concepts on the instantaneous p-q Theory and them show its applicability for controlling switching converters connected in a micro-grid. These converters can be used for connecting renewable energy sources (solar, wind, and others) to the microgrids or for harmonic, reactive power or unbalance compensation, and even for voltage regulat...

A switch-mode rectifier (SMR) can provide adjustable and well-regulated DC output voltage from the available AC source with good line drawn power quality. Depending on the input/output voltage transfer characteristics, the schematics, the operation quadrant, and control, SMRs possess many classifications and application. Typical potential application examples include grid powered motor drives, ...

The need of reducing CO2 emissions in electricity generation field for solving global warming problems have led to increase the interest in Micro-Grid (MG) especially the one which included renewable sources. MG normally operates in normal interconnected mode and connects with the main grid. When a large disturbance happens in main grid, MG transfer to islanding mode. This paper deals with conn...

Active power-sharing among distributed energy sources (DESs) is not only an important way to realize optimal operation of micro-grids, but also the key to maintaining stability for islanded operation. Due to the unique configuration of series micro-grids (SMGs), the power-sharing method adopted in an ordinary AC, DC, and hybrid AC/DC system cannot be directly applied into SMGs. Power-sharing in...

Distributed energy resources (DERs) including distributed generators (DGs) and controllable loads (CLs) are managed in the form of several microgrids (MGs) in active distributions networks (ADNs) to meet the demand locally. On the other hand, some loads of distribution networks (DNs) can be supplied by retailers which participate in wholesale energy markets. Therefore, there are several decisio...

The penetration of the distributed energy resources particularly solar and wind power into electrical system has been increasing, but intermittent nature these produces perturbations instability in grid. Thus, integrating storage grids is one best solutions to improve reliability with performance systems; ensure balance meet consumer demand. Different technologies devices have used support inte...

existed electricity grids deliver produced power to the consumer passing through transmission and distribution grids. according to high losses of these grids in transmission level and inexistence of bilateral interaction for simultaneous information exchange, a concept of smart grids were made by capabilities such as consciously participation of consumers in the smart electricity grids, an amou...

Nowadays, electrical grids are using information and communication technologies for providing intelligence in grids, since alternative energy sources increasing to meet the world’s consumption demand. Interest Internet of Things (IoT) is lastingly growing may involve more data-sensitive projects when applied smart micro-grids (SMGs), security a priority be ensured power distribution consumption...