Since December 1993, elections have been ‘the only game in town’ for the legitimate transfer of political power in Russia. That has led politicians – and the Kremlin itself – to targeting specifically the military servicemen as an electorate. The large number of people associated with the military in one way or another in Russia makes it reasonable for politicians to consider the military a par...

Due to the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, the unmet medical and psychological needs of military personnel are creating major challenges. Increasingly, active duty military personnel are seeking physical and mental health services from civilian professionals. The Civilian Medical Resources Network attempts to address these unmet needs. Participants in the Network include primary care and mental h...

this paper has investigated mamluks egypt`s militarism influence on rook of hesam al-din & nasser qalawoon. the authors have concluded in this study that the generalissimo and military officers due to the monopoly on their extensive apanage areas and abundant revenues could limit the power of the sultan and even to the throne have greed sometimes; because much of the land, i.e 20 carats of 24 c...

Does military rule make a state more belligerent internationally? Several studies have recently established that military autocracies are more likely than civilian autocracies to deploy and use military force in pursuit of foreign policy objectives. I argue that military regimes are more likely to resort to military force because they are located in more hostile security environments, and not b...

It is a great privilege to host this session and to welcome such a distinguished panel and guests. I wish to commend Mr. Denbeaux and his staff for organizing this important event and keeping the spotlight on the policies and ethical principles that lie behind our current military engagements. The timely publication of Bob Woodward’s State of Denial has inspired a number of side pieces on the c...

Russia after the collapsing of Soviet Union ignored and left behind the Caspian Sea for a short time due to giving preference to relationship with West. Discovery of new sources of energy in the Caspian region and the significance of the geopolitical position of this region in Europe, Asia and the Middle East and the key role that plays in the power balances in the world, also West attention sp...

In this work we extend from the single agent to the on-line multi-agent stochastic policy recognition problem using a network structure. By using knowledge of agents’ interrelations we can create a policy structure that is compatible with that of a hostile military organisation. Using this approach we make use of existing knowledge about the military organisation and thereby strongly reduce the...

This is a new, revised and enlarged edition of Major Caldwell's well-known book on Military Hygiene. It gives a good account of those principles of sanitation which most nearly affect the soldier in his eveiy-day life, whether at home, abroad or in the field. Though primarily written for medical officers of his own Corps it is also hoped that it will be useful to officers of other branches of t...

despite some stable factors in iran’s foreign policy , it has changed dramatically toward israel after the islamic revolution in iran. it was the case while these two countries had intensive strategic military and even economic relations before the islamic revolution. the main question this article seeks to answer is that among ir theory which of them can better explain this change in iran’s fo...