. The objective of STEP is to provide a neutral data model capable of describing product data throughout the life cycle of a product that is independent from any particular software application or computer platform. AP203, AP214, AP224 promote the integration of CAD/CAM system. Now STEP-NC, a new extension of STEP, is being developed. A truly integrated CAD, CAPP, CAM and CNC paradigm is now in...

Selection of a suitable assay to measure the activity of drug agents based on release-active forms of anti-interferon-gamma antibodies (RA forms of Abs) is an important step forward in the investigation of such agents. In this study, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was utilized to examine the effect of RA forms of Abs specific for human interferon gamma on the interaction between monoclon...

The drawback of indirect multi-step-ahead prediction is error accumulation. In order to tackle this problem and improve the capacity of adaptive time delay neural network (ATNN) for prediction, a three-stage prediction model SATNN based on spline interpolation and ATNN is presented. With spline interpolation and ATNN, the impact of last prediction errors that would be iterated into the model fo...

Clinically, type 1 diabetes may presents as type 2 diabetes which sometimes not easily differentiated. Perhaps only autoimmune markers of -cells destruction could differentiate those two clinical conditions. Due to extremely high cost ( $ 150/test), examination of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 auto-antibodies (anti-GAD65Abs) may not be routinely performed in most, if not all, clinical la...

A formidable challenge in the present multi-step Cu CMP process, employed in the ultra-large-scale integration (ULSI) technology, is the control of wafer surface non-uniformity, which primarily is due to dielectric erosion and Cu dishing. In contrast with the earlier experimental and semi-theoretical investigations, a systematic way of characterizing and modeling dielectric erosion in both sing...