the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the perceived social self-efficacy of the students of english and their foreign language classroom anxiety. the required data were gathered through the application of the original versions of two standard questionnaires: smith and betz’s (2000) 25-item scale of perceived social self-efficacy (spsse) and horwitz, horwitz and...

based on bowen family systems theory, one of the sources of chronic anxiety is the level of differentiation of self or emotional maturity in the family of origin: the lower level of differentiation results in less adaptiveness to stress, higher chronic anxiety in a relationship system, greater strain on adaptive capabilities and higher health problems and anxiety disorders. so, the goal of this...

although the internet has become one of the most important information resources for university students, excessive internet use can be defined as uncontrolled and harmful use of the internet, in other words, internet addiction. internet addiction (ia) can be described as a maladaptive preoccupation with internet use impairing social, occupational and other areas of a person’s functioning. rece...

background : patients undergoing pacemaker implantation often experience anxiety and fear. as such, studies have focused on the mechanisms that relieve the negative emotions caused by the intervention. continuous nursing is a safe and effective nursing mode. in this study, continuous nursing intervention was provided for elderly patients undergo-ing pacemaker implantation and an empirical inves...

Background: Increased demands for invasive and non-invasive treatments related to body image disturbances are seen worldwide. These may be dissatisfaction. No study date investigated the relationship between dissatisfaction dental anxiety (namely, anticipatory treatment anxiety) among a non-clinical population. The current aims unveil such relationships. Methods: Dentally anxious people choose ...

BACKGROUND Symptoms of anxiety and depression are significantly associated in parents and children, but few studies have examined associations between recurrent parental problems and offspring symptoms, and fathers have rarely been included in these studies. Additionally, few have investigated factors that may protect against familial aggregation of anxiety and depression. The aims of the prese...